Identification, isolation and characterization of epidermal lipids containing linoleic acid

Bowser, P. A.; Nugteren, D.H.; White, Richard; Houtsmuller, U.M.T.; Prottey, C.

doi:10.1016/0005-2760(85)90016-5

Cited by 129 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…These two species were also quantitatively the predominant ceramide fractions (data not shown). The most nonpolar ceramide of mammalian stratum corneum has been identified in other TLC systems as the acylceramide (32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)42). In contrast, the more polar ceramide fractions (ceramides 4 and 5 ) remained relatively constant (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In mature mammalian skin, lipids compose 5-10% of stratum corneum weight and are composed predominantly of free sterols, FFA, and ceramides (26-3 1). The ceramides contain a high proportion of saturated, very long chain fatty acids (28,(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37), which presumably contribute to the hydrophobic properties of stratum corneum membranes. One class of ceramides unique to epidermis, the so-called acylceramides, has been particularly implicated in bamer function (37); this species contains linoleic acid (C18:2) esterified to the w-terminus of a very long chain (C30-C34), nacyl a-hydroxy fatty acid.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ontogeny of the Epidermal Barrier to Water Loss in the Rat: Correlation of Function with Stratum Corneum Structure and Lipid Content

et al. 1992

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. The mammalian epidermal permeability barrier is provided by highly hydrophobic lipids forming multiple membrane bilayers within the extracellular domains of the outer, cornified cell layers. To characterize the critical events associated with barrier maturation, we correlated the emergence of a competent barrier to transepidermal water loss with development of the lamellar body secretory system, the organization of stratum corneum membrane bilayers, and the lipid composition of these membranes in the perinatal rat. The primary function of mammalian epidermis during terrestrial life is the generation and maintenance of a competent bamer

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontogeny of the Epidermal Barrier to Water Loss in the Rat: Correlation of Function with Stratum Corneum Structure and Lipid Content

et al. 1992

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several other lines of evidence also indicate that extracutaneously derived lipids make a significant contribution to maintaining epidermal barrier function. First, the epidermis requires large quantities of linoleic acid that cannot be synthe- sized in the epidermis (4,36,37) and hence must be obtained from extraepidermal sources. Second, studies have shown that systemically administered labeled cholesterol and fatty acids are delivered to the epidermis (38,39).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I Is Expressed in Cultured Keratinocytes and Epidermis

Tsuruoka

Khovidhunkit

Brown

et al. 2002

Journal of Biological Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cholesterol is a key lipid in the stratum corneum, where it is critical for permeability barrier homeostasis. The epidermis is an active site of cholesterol synthesis, but inhibition of epidermal cholesterol synthesis with topically applied statins only modestly affects epidermal permeability barrier function, suggesting a possible compensatory role for extraepidermal cholesterol. Scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) is a recently described cell surface receptor for high density lipoproteins (HDL) that mediates the selective uptake of cholesterol esters from circulating HDL. In the present study, we demonstrate that SR-BI is present in cultured human keratinocytes and that calcium-induced differentiation markedly decreases SR-BI levels. Additionally, the cell association of [ 3 H]cholesterol-labeled HDL decreased in differentiated versus undifferentiated keratinocytes. Furthermore, the inhibition of cholesterol synthesis with simvastatin resulted in a 3-4-fold increase in both SR-BI mRNA and protein levels, whereas conversely, addition of 25-hydroxycholesterol suppressed SR-BI levels by approximately 50%. SR-BI mRNA is also expressed in murine epidermis, increasing by 50% in parallel with cholesterol requirements following acute barrier disruption. Because the increase is completely blocked by occlusion with a vapor-impermeable membrane, changes in epidermal SR-BI expression are regulated specifically by barrier requirements. Lastly, using immunofluorescence we demonstrated that SR-BI is present in human epidermis predominantly in the basal layer and increases following barrier disruption. In summary, the present study demonstrates first that SR-BI is expressed in keratinocytes and regulated by cellular cholesterol requirements, suggesting that it plays a role in keratinocyte cholesterol homeostasis. Second, the increase in SR-BI following barrier disruption suggests that SR-BI expression increases to facilitate cholesterol uptake leading to barrier restoration.

show abstract

“…176 The biological role played by 13-HODE in neutrophils remains unknown. In epithelial cells, linoleic acid, after its transformation to O-acyl ceramide and to other unusual very-long-chain unsaturated lipids, 177 seems to act as a key factor in the maintenance of the water barrier in the epidermis. 178 -l79 There is evidence that linoleic acid is carried by these lipids into the stratum compactum of the epidermis where linoleic acid is converted by lipoxygenases to a series of lipid hydroperoxides.…”

Section: -Hodementioning

confidence: 99%

Mediators produced by the endothelial cell.

1988

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY This review discusses the role of three mediators, synthesized by vascular endotheiial cells, that help to keep the surface of the normal endotheliuin nonthrombogenic. The first is prostacydin, a product of arachldonic add metabolism discovered hi 1976. This labile prostanoid, with a half-life of approximately 3 minutes, relaxes vascular smooth musde and inhibits the aggregation of blood platelets. Prostacydin and its analogues are currently being tested clinically for use hi cardiovascular diseases such as primary pulmonary hypertension. The second mediator discussed is endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF), discovered in 1980, which also relaxes smooth muscle and inhibits the aggregation and adhesion of platelets. Substances that stimulate the release of EDRF include acetykhoUne, bradykinin, and adenosine 5'-diphosphate. EDRF is even more labile than prostacydin, with a half-life of about 6 seconds, and it has recently been identified as nitric oxide. Prostacydin and EDRF are released together following stimulation of endothelial receptors and synergize to inhibit platelet aggregation. 13-Hydroxy-9,11-octadecadienoic add, a third suggested mediator, is not released but acts from inside the cell to make the endothelial surface nonadhesive for circulating blood ceils. It is proposed that these three mediators form the endothelial defense mechanism against blood-borne cells and chemicals and that breakdown of this barrier results in diseases such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. (Hypertension 12: 530-548,1988) KEY WORDS • prostacyclin • endothelium-derived relaxing factor • thromboresistance • 13-hydroxy-9,ll-octadecadienoic add • endothelin • 6-keto-prostaglandin E,

show abstract

Identification, isolation and characterization of epidermal lipids containing linoleic acid

Cited by 129 publications

References 20 publications

Ontogeny of the Epidermal Barrier to Water Loss in the Rat: Correlation of Function with Stratum Corneum Structure and Lipid Content

Ontogeny of the Epidermal Barrier to Water Loss in the Rat: Correlation of Function with Stratum Corneum Structure and Lipid Content

Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I Is Expressed in Cultured Keratinocytes and Epidermis

Mediators produced by the endothelial cell.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About