Identification key for European strand-forming house-rot fungi

Huckfeldt, Tobias; Schmidt, Olaf

doi:10.1016/j.mycol.2006.03.012

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…(brown rot) and Ustilago maydis (pathogen/saprotroph) of the Basidiomycota, as well as three species in the Ascomycota; Pyrenochaete cava and Penicillium ochrochloron (saprotrophs), as well as Cenococcum geophilum (ectomycorrhizal). Assignment of individual taxa to functional guilds was based on common categorizations in the literature (Worrall et al, 1997;Hibbett and Donoghue, 2001;Larsson and Larsson, 2003;Huckfeldt and Schmidt, 2006;Schmidt, 2006;Lindner and Banik, 2008;Binder et al, 2010;Tedersoo et al, 2010;Garcia-Sandoval et al, 2011). Cultures of all taxa were obtained from either the U.S. Forest Service Center for Forest Mycology Research Culture Collection, Centre de Recherches INRA-Nancy, Max Plank Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, individual research laboratories, or isolated from fruitbodies collected at the Cloquet Forestry Center in Cloquet, MN in October 2011 (Table 1).…”

Section: Fungal Cultures and Leaf Littermentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional guild classification predicts the enzymatic role of fungi in litter and soil biogeochemistry

Talbot

Martin

Kohler

et al. 2015

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

131

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a b s t r a c tLinking community composition to ecosystem function is a challenge in complex microbial communities. We tested the hypothesis that key biological features of fungi -evolutionary history, functional guild, and abundance of functional genes e can predict the biogeochemical activity of fungal species during decay. We measured the activity of 10 different enzymes produced by 48 model fungal species on leaf litter in laboratory microcosms. Taxa included closely related species with different ecologies (i.e. species in different "functional guilds") and species with publicly available genomes. Decomposition capabilities differed less among phylogenetic lineages of fungi than among different functional guilds. Activity of carbohydrases and acid phosphatase was significantly higher in litter colonized by saprotrophs compared to ectomycorrhizal species. By contrast, oxidoreductase activities per unit fungal biomass were statistically similar across functional guilds, with white rot fungi having highest polyphenol oxidase activity and ectomycorrhizal fungi having highest peroxidase activity. On the ecosystem level, polyphenol oxidase activity in soil correlated with the abundance of white rot fungi, while soil peroxidase activity correlated with the abundance of ectomycorrhizal fungi in soil. Copy numbers of genes coding for different enzymes explained the activity of some carbohydrases and polyphenol oxidase produced by fungi in culture, but were not significantly better predictors of activity than specific functional guild. Collectively, our data suggest that quantifying the specific functional guilds of fungi in soil, potentially through environmental sequencing approaches, allows us to predict activity of enzymes that drive soil biogeochemical cycles.

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Section: Fungal Cultures and Leaf Littermentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional guild classification predicts the enzymatic role of fungi in litter and soil biogeochemistry

Talbot

Martin

Kohler

et al. 2015

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

131

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“…The classical strand diagnosis by Falck (1912) covers only a few species. A diagnostic key with colour photographs based on strand samples from infected buildings and on samples from laboratory culture comprises 20 strandforming fungi (Huckfeldt and Schmidt 2006b). Classical methods may be fast if there are fruit bodies or strands present, and an expert is able to make a determine whether a sample belongs to dry rot or not and also to identify the most common indoor wood-decay fungi if there are just strands.…”

Section: Identification and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor wood-decay basidiomycetes: damage, causal fungi, physiology, identification and characterization, prevention and control

Schmidt

2007

Mycol Progress

Self Cite

127

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Indoor wood-decay fungi cause considerable economical damage. Most of the structural damage to the indoors of buildings in Europe and North America is caused by brown-rot fungi that degrade conifer wood; white-rot fungi, which preferentially attack hardwoods, are less common. This review covers the approximately 80 basidiomycetes that commonly occur in buildings. Emphasis was placed on Serpula lacrymans, which is the most common indoor basidiomycete in central Europe. Meruliporia incrassata, the North American pendant to S. lacrymans, has also received considerable attention. In terms of indoor wood decay, moisture and temperature are the most important influences. Wood samples with a low moisture content can be degraded. High temperatures as an alternative control measure do not kill mycelia, with some species surviving in wood samples in the form of heat-resistant arthrospores at temperatures as high 95°C. For refurbishment and scientific purposes, the identity of the causal species should be known. More recently, several molecular techniques have been used to identify fungi; these results are often conflicting with those obtained by other, earlier applied methods. Sequencing of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of the rDNA is currently the best molecular tool. Among the other methods available, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI TOF MS) has also been shown to be able to distinguish closely related sister taxa. For further characterization of indoor basidiomycetes, the complete sequences of the 18S, 28S rDNA and the intergenic spacers with the included 5S rDNA have been acquired for some species. If current projects involving whole funal genome sequencing are not taken into account, Antrodia vaillantii is the first basidiomycete for which the complete rDNA sequence has been deposited. The review closes with fundamentals on the prevention and control of indoor wood decay.

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“…show only low species variability. Moreth and Schmidt (2000) designed 7 species-specific primers for common indoor wood decay basidiomycetes; however, more than 80 different basidiomycetes have been isolated from infected timber alone in German houses (Huckfeldt and Schmidt 2006), and closely related indoor species of Antrodia and Coniophora cannot be distinguished by specific primers. In cases without any prior assumption on the identity of the fungus, species-specific primers should be used as multiplex PCR, which allows the presence of more than two primers in one PCR tube.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular identification of decay fungi in the wood of urban trees

Schmidt

Gaiser²,

Dujesiefken³

2011

Eur J Forest Res

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Trees are valuable for urban areas, however, are also susceptible to wood rot fungi. For accurate and fast assessment of the severity and evolution of decay in standing trees, a molecular technique was used to identify the causal agents of wood rot. Fruit bodies of wood decay fungi were collected from infected trees in various stands in Germany. Thirty-six species were identified by traditional methods. The DNA of fruit bodies was extracted, ITS-rDNA amplified by PCR, and ITS regions sequenced. Wood samples from infected urban trees were collected, the entire DNA extracted from affected wood parts, and fungal ITS amplified and sequenced. Fungal species were identified by comparing sequence data with the fruit body data. The technique enables an accurate and rapid identification of causal rot fungi in urban trees.

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Identification key for European strand-forming house-rot fungi

Cited by 25 publications

References 9 publications

Functional guild classification predicts the enzymatic role of fungi in litter and soil biogeochemistry

Functional guild classification predicts the enzymatic role of fungi in litter and soil biogeochemistry

Indoor wood-decay basidiomycetes: damage, causal fungi, physiology, identification and characterization, prevention and control

Molecular identification of decay fungi in the wood of urban trees

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