Identification, morphology of Citrus L. (Aurantioideae-Rutaceae Juss.) and its traditional uses in Riau Province, Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract. Sofiyanti N, Iriani D, Wahyuni PI, Idani N, Lestari P. 2022. Identification, morphology of Citrus L. (Aurantioideae-Rutaceae Juss.) and its traditional uses in Riau Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1038-1047. The genus Citrus (Rutaceae) is an important fruit crop in the world. The species of Citrus are extensively cultivated for fresh fruit and processed juice market. In addition, Citrus members have a great ability to cross and produce intra or intergeneric hybrids. Therefore, the taxonomic identification of the cultivars has been a serious challenge for botanists and agronomists. In Riau Province (Indonesia), the cultivars of this genus are grown for various uses. The aims of this study are to identify Citrus taxa in Riau Province, examine their morphological characters, and document their uses by local people. Samples were collected in the field. The result shows a total of 18 Citrus members were identified in this study. The Citrus morphologies vary among the members. Each Citrus identified in this study shows its morphological characteristic of vegetative and generative parts. Numerous local uses of Citrus are recorded in this study, e.g. fresh consumed, traditional drink, folklore, herb, spice and ornamental. The parts of Citrus used are whole plant, leaf, pericarp and pulp. The uses of Citrus recorded in this study are for herb and spice, dessert, traditional drink and treatment, folklore, and ornamental plant. This study provides the first record of the morphological characteristic of Citrus in this province and the uses of its members.

Ethnobotany and diversity of Citrus spp. (Rutaceae) as a source of “Kem-kem” traditional medicine used among the Karo sub-ethnic in North Sumatra, Indonesia

“…C. × aurantium var. nobilis is commonly consumed as a dessert due to its sweet pulp [ 27 ]. The Karo also consumes C. × taitensis (Rimo Jungga) as cooking spices in the traditional Batak food, called “Naniura”.…”

“…The C. × aurantium species has three local names: keeling, kersik, and kalele. Traditional communities in the Riau Province know the cultivars of C. × aurantium (jeruk Antu) as a slice of fruit used for folklore and “jeruk peras” whose squashed pulp is drunk as a juice [ 27 ].

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“…Citrus × taitensis has two local names: Rimo Puraga and Rimo Jungga. It occurs because of the great ability of citrus species to cross and produce intra or intergeneric hybrids [ 27 ]. Rivera et al (2022) explained that citrus occurs frequently due to apomixis and propagation of hybrids via nucellar embryos [ 28 ].…”

“…The C. medica species is used to ward off the negative black magic energy in Kem-kem traditional medicine and has three local names. C. medica is known by traditional communities in the Riau Province as “Rimo Antu”, “Rimo Pagar”, “Rimo Kuku Harimau” [ 27 ]. It is called “Rimo Kuku Harimau” because its shape resembles tiger claws ( Fig.…”

Assessment of morphological characterization and genetic diversity of lime and lemon accessions using ISSR marker

“…The size of the leaves, flowers, and fruits of the 16 accessions * In one column with the same letters are not significantly different according to DMRT at 0.05 level Data are means ±SD from 3 plant-samples/a accession The existing lime and lemon collections, apart from the introductions (Lisbon, Lot's Lemon, and Jari Budha), are also derived from locally grown plants which are thought to have come from crosses that produced intra or intergeneric hybrids. Such as the Lemon Swanggi, which looks similar to the 'Jeruk Pagar' in Riau [17]. Lemon Kalsel has an elongated shape, while Lemon Jumbo is almost round with the largest fruit size.…”