Identification of 12 hepatotoxins from a Homer Lake bloom of the cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa, Microcystis viridis, and Microcystis wesenbergii: nine new microcystins

Namikoshi, Michio; Rinehart, Kenneth L.; Sakai, Ryuichi; Stotts, Richard R.; Dahlem, Andrew M.; Beasley, Val R.; Carmichael, Wayne W.; Evans, William

doi:10.1021/jo00029a016

Cited by 258 publications

(184 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…4 and the observed ions are summarized together with those of the MCLR in ) and considered to be generated by the cleavage between the 8 and 9 positions in the side chain of Adda. This cleavage has been previously reported [11]. Thus the fragment ions detected in the MS 2 spectra of MCLF and MCLW are grouped into three categories: the first one contains the initial carbon-carbon cleavage at the Adda moiety followed by fission of the cyclic structure into a linearized one and subsequent fission of the peptide bonds, the second consists of the fission of the cyclic structure at a peptide bond between Adda and Leu (Trp) into linearized one, but the carbon-carbon cleavage does not occur, and the third one is found in the case of the MCLR.…”

Section: Fragmentation Pattern Of Microcystin Without Argsupporting

confidence: 80%

Structural Characterization of Microcystins by LC/MS/MS under Ion Trap Conditions

et al. 2006

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LC/MS/MS under ion trap conditions was used to analyze microcystins produced by cyanobacteria. Tandem mass spectrometry using MS 2 was quite effective since ions arising from cleavage at a peptide bond provide useful sequence information. The fragmentation was confirmed by a shifting technique using structurally-related microcystins and the resulting fragmentation pattern was different from those determined by triple stage MS/MS and four sector MS/MS. Analysis of a mixture of microcystins in a bloom sample was successfully performed and two new microcystins were identified by LC/MS/MS under ion trap conditions. Thus, LC/MS/MS under ion trap conditions is effective for the structural characterization of microcystins.

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Section: Fragmentation Pattern Of Microcystin Without Argsupporting

confidence: 80%

Structural Characterization of Microcystins by LC/MS/MS under Ion Trap Conditions

et al. 2006

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“…Ion with m/z 905.6 had MW 133 Da lower than that of MC-RR, which coincided with the loss of the terminal phenylethylmethoxy group and the amino NH 2 group from the Adda after Adda-Arg bond breaking. This is a common loss fragment of MCs due to the radical fragmentation rearrangement (Namikoshi et al, 1992). The ion with m/z 1021.8 had a MW 36 Da which was lower than that of product-a, corresponding to two H 2 O loss from product-a.…”

Section: Enzymatic Degradation Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial biodegradation of microcystin-RR by bacterium Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05

Zhang

Pan

Yan

2010

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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A strain, USTB-05, isolated from Lake Dianchi, China, degraded the cyanobacterial toxin microcystin-RR (MC-RR) at the rate of 16.7 mg/L per day. Analysis of 16S rDNA sequence showed that the strain was Sphingopyxis sp. Enzymatic degradation pathways for MC-RR by Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05 were identified. Adda-Arg peptide bond of MC-RR was cleaved and then a hydrogen and a hydroxyl were combined onto the NH 2 group of Adda and the carboxyl group of arginine to form a linear molecule as intermediate product within the first few hours. Then, through dehydration reaction, two hydrogen of amino group on arginine reacted with adjacent hydroxyl on carbon to form a linear MC-RR with two small peptide rings as the final product after 24 hr. These biodegradation pathways were different from those reported for other strains, implying that MC-RR may undergo different transformations and different products were formed due to various bacteria in natural lakes and reservoirs.

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“…En varios cuerpos de agua continentales alrededor del mundo la presencia de M. wesenbergii junto a otras cianobacterias ha sido asociada al reporte de toxinas del tipo microcistinas (Namikoshi et al 1992, Vasconcelos et al 1996. Sin embargo, también existen casos de floraciones algales no tóxicas donde M. wesenbergii es el componente principal del fitoplancton (Xu et al 2008).…”

Section: Microcystis Wesenbergii (Komárek) Komárek In Kondratevaunclassified

El género Sphaerocavum y dominancia de S. brasiliense y Microcystis wesenbergii (Microcystaceae, Cyanophyceae) en la floración algal de la laguna Huacachina, Perú

Mendoza-Carbajal

2016

Rev peru biol

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El género Sphaerocavum y dominancia de S. brasiliense y Microcystis wesenbergii(Microcystaceae, Cyanophyceae) en la floración algal de la laguna Huacachina, Perú ResumenEn el presente trabajo se registra por primera vez a las cianobacterias Sphaerocavum brasiliense Azevedo y Sant'Anna y Microcystis wesenbergii (Komárek) Komárek in Kondrateva (Microcystaceae, Cyanophyceae) en una floración algal de la laguna Huacachina (Ica), incluyendo el primer reporte del género Sphaerocavum para el Perú. Se sugiere el monitoreo de estas cianobacterias por ser formadoras de floraciones algales.Palabras clave: Cianófitas; Microcystis; floraciones algales; Desierto costero; Ica. AbstractThe present work registers for the first time the cyanobacteria Sphaerocavum brasiliense Azevedo y Sant'Anna and Microcystis wesenbergii (Komárek) Komárek in Kondrateva (Microcystaceae, Cyanophyceae) in an algal bloom on Huacachina lagoon (Ica), including the first report of Sphaerocavum for Peru. We suggest the necessity of monitoring these bloom-forming cyanobacteria.

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Identification of 12 hepatotoxins from a Homer Lake bloom of the cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa, Microcystis viridis, and Microcystis wesenbergii: nine new microcystins

Cited by 258 publications

References 5 publications

Structural Characterization of Microcystins by LC/MS/MS under Ion Trap Conditions

Structural Characterization of Microcystins by LC/MS/MS under Ion Trap Conditions

Microbial biodegradation of microcystin-RR by bacterium Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05

El género Sphaerocavum y dominancia de S. brasiliense y Microcystis wesenbergii (Microcystaceae, Cyanophyceae) en la floración algal de la laguna Huacachina, Perú

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