Identification of a Glass Substrate to Study Cells Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy: Are We Closer to Spectral Pathology?

Abstract

The rising incidence of cancer worldwide is causing an increase in the workload in pathology departments. This, coupled with advanced analysis methodologies, supports a developing need for techniques that could identify the presence of cancer cells in cytology and tissue samples in an objective, fast, and automated way. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) microspectroscopy can identify cancer cells in such samples objectively. Thus, it has the potential to become another tool to help pathologists in their daily work. However, one of the main drawbacks is the use of glass substrates by pathologists. Glass absorbs IR radiation, removing important mid-IR spectral data in the fingerprint region (1800 cm−1 to 900 cm−1). In this work, we hypothesized that, using glass coverslips of differing compositions, some regions within the fingerprint area could still be analyzed. We studied three different types of cells (peripheral blood mononuclear cells, a leukemia cell line, and a lung cancer cell line) and lymph node tissue placed on four different types of glass coverslips. The data presented here show that depending of the type of glass substrate used, information within the fingerprint region down to 1350 cm−1 can be obtained. Furthermore, using principal component analysis, separation between the different cell lines was possible using both the lipid region and the fingerprint region between 1800 cm−1 and 1350 cm−1. This work represents a further step towards the application of FT-IR microspectroscopy in histopathology departments.

Infrared Spectroscopy of Blood

“…14,[225][226][227][228] The detection and analysis of various types of cancers using FT-IR spectroscopy were focused on tissue biopsies, [229][230][231][232][233][234][235][236] exfoliated cells, 14,226,237,238 isolated cells, 28,239 and cell lines. 240,241 However, use of blood offers many advantages because of the less invasive nature of the sample collection, ease of sample preparation, and rapid spectral acquisition. Although many malignant tissues and other model systems including neoplastic cell lines have been rigorously examined and extensively reviewed in cancer research, the diagnosis of diverse blood specific cancer markers using mid-infrared vibrational spectroscopy remains less explored.…”

FT-IR Transflection Micro-Spectroscopy Study on Normal Human Breast Cells after Exposure to a Proton Beam

“…The selection of proper substrates represents an important challenge in order to make the µ-FT-IR technique faster and easier to use [15,16]. For this reason, many efforts are underway to identify the most suitable substrate for each type of application [17][18][19]. MirrIR low-e microscope slides are coated with Ag-SnO 2 and have been generally considered to be good candidates for biological applications.…”

Clinical outcomes, predictors of prognosis and health economics consequences in IBD patients after discontinuation of the first biological therapy

“… 25 CARRoT has been previously successfully used for outcome prediction in the clinical outcomes. 26 , 27 Results of this analysis were used as a guide to stratify patients in the survival analysis. The outcomes stricturing disease, surgery and hospitalisation were merged together and analysed separately by means of univariable regression.…”