Identification of a linear epitope on the capsid protein of classical swine fever virus

Zhang, Xin; Xu, Jia; Sun, Yuan; Su, Li; Li, Na; Yang, Shuo; He, Fan; Huang, Junhua; Ling, Liuyi; Qiu, Hua‐Ji

doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2011.01.009

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Likewise, Riitho et al (20) showed that E2, NS2, NS3 and NS5A but not P7 and C proteins were highly inducers of T cell responses. However, BVDV-C protein has been shown to induce cellular and humoral immune response in mouse model ( 65) and a B cell epitope that can induce the formation of antibodies was mapped in the C protein of BVDV (66) and other pestiviruses (67). The main inducers of antibody response against BVDV were reported to be the E2 and NS2-3 proteins and to a lesser extent E1 and Erns glycoproteins (8,68,69).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoinformatic prediction of the pathogenicity of bovine viral diarrhea virus genotypes: implications for viral virulence determinants, designing novel diagnostic assays and vaccines development

et al. 2023

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IntroductionBovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) significantly impacts the bovine industries, both dairy and beef sectors. BVDV can infect various domestic and wild animals, most notably cattle. The dynamic variations among BVDV serotypes due to the continuous genetic diversity, especially in BVDV1 (BVDV1), reduce the effectiveness of the currently available vaccines and reduce the specificity/sensitivity of the diagnostic assays. The development of novel, safe, and effective vaccines against BVDV requires deep knowledge of the antigenicity and virulence of the virus. Previous studies on the antigenicity and the virulence of BVDV serotypes have been mainly focused on one or a few BVDV proteins. While however, little is known about the orchestration of all BVDV in the context of viral virulence and immunogenicity. The main aim of the current study was to do a comparative computational evaluation of the immunogenicity, and virulence for all the encoded proteins of both BVDV1 and BVDV2 and their sub-genotypes.MethodsTo achieve this goal, 11,737 protein sequences were retrieved from Virus Pathogen Resource. The analysis involved a total of 4,583 sequences after the removal of short sequences and those with unknown collection time. We used the MP3 tool to map the pathogenic proteins across different BVDV strains. The potential protective and the epitope motifs were predicted using the VaxiJen and EMBOSS antigen tools, respectively.Results and discussionThe virulence prediction revealed that the NS4B proteins of both BVDV1 and BVDV2 likely have essential roles in BVDV virulence. Similarly, both the capsid (C) and the NS4-A proteins of BVDV1 and the Npro and P7 proteins of BVDV2 are likely important virulent factors. There was a clear trend of increasing predicted virulence with the progression of time in the case of BVDV1 proteins, but that was not the case for the BVDV2 proteins. Most of the proteins of the two BVDV serotypes possess antigens predicted immunogens except Npro, P7, and NS4B. However, the predicted antigenicity of the BVDV1 was significantly higher than that of BVDV2. Meanwhile, the predicted immunogenicity of the immunodominant-E2 protein has been decreasing over time. Based on our predicted antigenicity and pathogenicity studies of the two BVDV serotypes, the sub-genotypes (1a, 1f, 1k, 2a, and 2b) may represent ideal candidates for the development of future vaccines against BVDV infection in cattle. In summary, we identified some common differences between the two BVDV genotypes (BVDV1 and BVDV2) and their sub-genotypes regarding their protein antigenicity and pathogenicity. The data presented here will increase our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of BVDV infection in cattle. It will also pave the way for developing some novel diagnostic assays and novel vaccines against BVDV in the near future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoinformatic prediction of the pathogenicity of bovine viral diarrhea virus genotypes: implications for viral virulence determinants, designing novel diagnostic assays and vaccines development

et al. 2023

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“…The CSFV-positive cells were proliferated further with continuous passages. At the tenth passage, the viral titers were determined by IFA using a monoclonal antibody (mAb) against the E2 protein of CSFV, as described previously [ 15 ]. In this research, FITC labeled E2 protein was purchased from MEDIAN Diagnostics Company in Korea.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological investigation and phylogenetic analysis of Classical Swine Fever virus in Yunnan province from 2015 to 2021

Yao

Wang

et al. 2022

J Vet Sci

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Background Classical swine fever virus (CSFV), the causative agent of classical swine fever (CFS), is a highly contagious disease that poses a serious threat to Chinese pig populations. Objectives Many provinces of China, such as Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, and Liaoning provinces, have reported epidemics of CSFV, while the references to the epidemic of CSFV in Yunnan province are rare. This study examined the epidemic characteristics of the CSFV in Yunnan province. Methods In this study, 326 tissue samples were collected from different regions in Yunnan province from 2015 to 2021. A reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), sequences analysis, and phylogenetic analysis were performed for the pathogenic detection and analysis of these 326 clinical specimens. Results Approximately 3.37% (11/326) of specimens tested positive for the CSFV by RT-PCR, which is lower than that of other regions of China. Sequence analysis of the partial E2 sequences of eleven CSFV strains showed that they shared 89.0–100.0% nucleotide (nt) and 95.0–100.0% amino acid (aa) homology, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these novel isolates belonged to the subgenotypes 2.1c and 2.1d, with subgenotype 2.1c being predominant. Conclusions The CSFV was sporadic in China’s Yunnan province from 2015 to 2021. Both 2.1c and 2.1d subgenotypes were found in this region, but 2.1c was dominant.

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“…The majority of B-cell epitopes are discontinuous in nature, but difficulties in the design of such epitopes have led to an emphasis on the identification of linear B-cell epitopes. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are used widely as powerful tools for identifying linear epitopes, or for mimicking the epitopes of a variety of infectious agents (Deng et al, 2007;Kaverin et al, 2007;Zhang et al, 2011). In this study, we prepared mAbs against the N protein of IBV strain tl/CH/LDT3/03I and used them to screen for linear B-cell epitopes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine level epitope mapping and conservation analysis of two novel linear B-cell epitopes of the avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus nucleocapsid protein

et al. 2013

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The nucleocapsid (N) protein of the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) may play an essential role in the replication and translation of viral RNA. The N protein can also induce high titers of cross-reactive antibodies and cell-mediated immunity, which protects chickens from acute infection. In this study, we generated two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), designated as 6D10 and 4F10, which were directed against the N protein of IBV using the whole viral particles as immunogens. Both of the mAbs do not cross react with Newcastle disease virus (NDV), infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) and subtype H9 avian influenza virus (AIV). After screening a phage display peptide library and peptide scanning, we identified two linear B-cell epitopes that were recognized by the mAbs 6D10 and 4F10, which corresponded to the amino acid sequences (242)FGPRTK(247) and (195)DLIARAAKI(203), respectively, in the IBV N protein. Alignments of amino acid sequences from a large number of IBV isolates indicated that the two epitopes, especially (242)FGPRTK(247), were well conserved among IBV strains. This conclusion was further confirmed by the relationships of 18 heterologous sequences to the 2 mAbs. The novel mAbs and the epitopes identified will be useful for developing diagnostic assays for IBV infections.

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Identification of a linear epitope on the capsid protein of classical swine fever virus

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Immunoinformatic prediction of the pathogenicity of bovine viral diarrhea virus genotypes: implications for viral virulence determinants, designing novel diagnostic assays and vaccines development

Immunoinformatic prediction of the pathogenicity of bovine viral diarrhea virus genotypes: implications for viral virulence determinants, designing novel diagnostic assays and vaccines development

Epidemiological investigation and phylogenetic analysis of Classical Swine Fever virus in Yunnan province from 2015 to 2021

Fine level epitope mapping and conservation analysis of two novel linear B-cell epitopes of the avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus nucleocapsid protein

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