Identification of a Major Locus for Lodging Resistance to Typhoons Using QTL Analysis in Rice

Abstract

We detected a new target quantitative trait locus (QTL) for lodging resistance in rice by analyzing lodging resistance to typhoons (Maysak and Haishen) using a scale from 0 (no prostrating) to 1 (little prostrating or prostrating) to record the resistance score in a Cheongcheong/Nagdong double haploid rice population. Five quantitative trait loci for lodging resistance to typhoons were detected. Among them, qTyM6 and qTyH6 exhibited crucial effects of locus RM3343–RM20318 on chromosome 6, which overlaps with our previous rice lodging studies for the loci qPSLSA6-2, qPSLSB6-5, and qLTI6-2. Within the target locus RM3343–RM20318, 12 related genes belonging to the cytochrome P450 protein family were screened through annotation. Os06g0599200 (OsTyM/Hq6) was selected for further analysis. We observed that the culm and panicle lengths were positively correlated with lodging resistance to typhoons. However, the yield was negatively correlated with lodging resistance to typhoons. The findings of this study improve an understanding of rice breeding, particularly the culm length, early maturing, and heavy panicle varieties, and the mechanisms by which the plant’s architecture can resist natural disasters such as typhoons to ensure food safety. These results also provide the insight that lodging resistance in rice may be associated with major traits such as panicle length, culm length, tiller number, and heading date, and thereby improvements in these traits can increase lodging resistance to typhoons. Moreover, rice breeding should focus on maintaining suitable varieties that can withstand the adverse effects of climate change in the future and provide better food security.

Unveiling the protective role of anthocyanin in rice: insights into drought-induced oxidative stress and metabolic regulation

“…Japonica rice (Ilmi cultivar) was selected as a study material and experiment was conducted using three biological replicates. Seeds were sterilized with fungicides and soaked for three days in dark condition at 33°C ( Zhao et al., 2023 ). After successful sprouting the seedling were transferred to pots and kept in dark condition for three days.…”

Genome-wide association studies for a comprehensive understanding of the genetic architecture of culm strength and yield traits in rice

“…However, because the tiller number influences the pushing resistance of the lower part of the culm, bending stress was measured considering both the tiller number and prostrate tester readings ranging from 0 to 40 ( Hai et al., 2005 ; Yadav et al., 2017 ; Jyothi et al., 2018 ). Resistance to prostrating on a visually rated scale of 0 (prostrating) to 1 (no or little prostrating) was also used for measuring lodging resistance to typhoons ( Kashiwagi and Ishimaru, 2004 ; Zhao et al., 2023 ). Recently, gravity center height, along with the breaking strength of the basal internode and culm morphology traits, was used in the measurement of lodging resistance traits ( Yang et al., 2023 ).…”

“…Identification of genes can hasten precision breeding aimed at improving lodging resistance. A number of quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping studies for culm length, culm strength, and culm thickness related to lodging resistance have been carried out using different segregating populations in rice ( Kashiwagi and Ishimaru, 2004 ; Mu et al., 2004 ; Kashiwagi et al., 2008 ; Zhu et al., 2008 ; Ookawa et al., 2010 ; Yano et al., 2015 ; Yadav et al., 2017 ; Nomura et al., 2019 ; Yang et al., 2023 ; Zhao et al., 2023 ). To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of complex traits like lodging resistance and associated culm-related traits, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) is a promising strategy to exploit the abundant genetic diversity of rice captured among the diverse rice germplasm.…”