Identification of a new human immunodeficiency virus type 1 distinct from group M and group O

Simon, François; Mauclère, Philippe; Roques, Pierre; Loussert-Ajaka, Ibtissam; Müller‐Trutwin, Michaela; Saragosti, Sentob; Georges‐Courbot, Marie‐Claude; Barré‐Sinoussi, Françoise; Brun‐Vézinet, Françoise

doi:10.1038/2017

Cited by 478 publications

(287 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Three major groups can be distinguished within HIV-1: group M (for main), O (for outlier), and N (for neither, non-M-non-O, or new) (Robertson et al 2000;Simon et al 1998). Moreover, 9 phylogenetically distinct subtypes, 2 two subsubtypes, and at least 14 intersubtype HIV-1 recombinants, known as circulating recombinant forms (CRFs), have been repeatedly identified within group M so far (Robertson et al 2000;McCutchan 2000;Salminen et al 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Epidemic Potentials of the HIV-1B and C Subtypes

Salemi

Oliveira²,

Soares

et al. 2005

J Mol Evol

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Abstract. HIV, the cause of AIDS in humans, is characterized by great genetic heterogeneity. In particular, HIV-1 group M subtypes are responsible for most of the infections worldwide. We investigate the demographic history of HIV-1B and HIV-1C subtypes in South Africa and Brazil using both a parametric and a nonparametric approach based on coalescent theory. Our results show that although both subtypes are spreading exponentially in Brazil, the HIV-1C growth rate is about twice that of Brazilian HIV-1B or South African HIV-1C, providing evidence, for the first time, of a different epidemic potential between two HIV-1 subtypes. The present study not only may have important consequences for devising future vaccination and therapeutic strategies, but also offers additional evidence that skyline plots are indeed a simple and powerful tool for monitoring and predicting the behavior of viral epidemics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Epidemic Potentials of the HIV-1B and C Subtypes

Salemi

Oliveira²,

Soares

et al. 2005

J Mol Evol

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“…In addition to each of the Group M subtypes and several CRFs, HIV-1 Groups N, O, and P as well as HIV-2 strains have been identified in the country. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] The first AIDS case in Cameroon was diagnosed in 1985. 18 Since then, about 540,000 cases have been officially reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiology of HIV Type 1 CRF02_AG in Cameroon and African Patients Living in Italy

Véras

Santoro

Gray

et al. 2011

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

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HIV-1 CRF02_AG accounts for > 50% of infected individuals in Cameroon. CRF02_AG prevalence has been increasing both in Africa and Europe, particularly in Italy because of migrations from the sub-Saharan region. This study investigated the molecular epidemiology of CRF02_AG in Cameroon by employing Bayesian phylodynamics and analyzed the relationship between HIV-1 CRF02_AG isolates circulating in Italy and those prevalent in Africa to understand the link between the two epidemics. Among 291 Cameroonian reverse transcriptase sequences analyzed, about 70% clustered within three distinct clades, two of which shared a most recent common ancestor, all related to sequences from Western Africa. The major Cameroonian clades emerged during the mid-1970s and slowly spread during the next 30 years. Little or no geographic structure was detected within these clades. One of the major driving forces of the epidemic was likely the high accessibility between locations in Southern Cameroon contributing to the mobility of the population. The remaining Cameroonian sequences and the new strains isolated from Italian patients were interspersed mainly within West and Central African sequences in the tree, indicating a continuous exchange of CRF02_AG viral strains between Cameroon and other African countries, as well as multiple independent introductions in the Italian population. The evaluation of the spread of CRF02_AG may provide significant insight about the future dynamics of the Italian and European epidemic.

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“…It is divided into three genetic groups based on phylogenetic reconstruction using nucleotide sequences [3][4][5][6]. Majority of the isolates fall into the "M" or Major group while a small number constitutes the "O" or Outlier group and the "N" or New group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Subtypes by Heteroduplex Mobility Assay

Sahni

Gupta

Nagendra

et al. 2007

Medical Journal Armed Forces India

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Background: Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) has developed marked genomic sequence differences over the course of an epidemic because of an error prone reverse transcriptase (RT), which rapidly incorporates mutations resulting in genomic diversity, altered cell tropism, immune escape and variable resistance to antiretroviral drugs. The best preventive strategy for HIV control is development of an efficacious prophylactic vaccine using the most appropriate (antigenically related) subtypes. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis, HIV strains can be separated into major group "M" consisting of genetic subtypes A-K, "N", the new group and "O", the outlier group.

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Identification of a new human immunodeficiency virus type 1 distinct from group M and group O

Cited by 478 publications

References 33 publications

Different Epidemic Potentials of the HIV-1B and C Subtypes

Different Epidemic Potentials of the HIV-1B and C Subtypes

Molecular Epidemiology of HIV Type 1 CRF02_AG in Cameroon and African Patients Living in Italy

Identification of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Subtypes by Heteroduplex Mobility Assay

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