Identification of a new‐to‐science cyanobacterium, <i>Toxifilum mysidocida</i> gen. nov. &amp; sp. nov. (Cyanobacteria, Cyanophyceae)

Zimba, Paul V.; Huang, I‐Shuo; Foley, Jennifer E.; Linton, Eric W.

doi:10.1111/jpy.12490

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Such an architecture however does not seem to be completely unique for the convergent morphotypes. Parietal lamellae split into two to three fascicles have been reported also in the basal clades (Figure 8), especially in filamentous cyanobateria such as Pseudanabaena (Guglielmi and Cohen-Bazire, 1984), Phormidesmis (Komárek et al, 2009), Oculatella (Bruno et al, 2009), Toxifilum (Zimba et al, 2017), and others.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Evolutionary Patterns of Thylakoid Architecture in Cyanobacteria

et al. 2019

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While photosynthetic processes have become increasingly understood in cyanobacterial model strains, differences in the spatial distribution of thylakoid membranes among various lineages have been largely unexplored. Cyanobacterial cells exhibit an intriguing diversity in thylakoid arrangements, ranging from simple parietal to radial, coiled, parallel, and special types. Although metabolic background of their variability remains unknown, it has been suggested that thylakoid patterns are stable in certain phylogenetic clades. For decades, thylakoid arrangements have been used in cyanobacterial classification as one of the crucial characters for definition of taxa. The last comprehensive study addressing their evolutionary history in cyanobacteria was published 15 years ago. Since then both DNA sequence and electron microscopy data have grown rapidly. In the current study, we map ultrastructural data of >200 strains onto the SSU rRNA gene tree, and the resulting phylogeny is compared to a phylogenomic tree. Changes in thylakoid architecture in general follow the phylogeny of housekeeping loci. Parietal arrangement is resolved as the original thylakoid organization, evolving into complex arrangement in the most derived group of heterocytous cyanobacteria. Cyanobacteria occupying intermediate phylogenetic positions (greater filamentous, coccoid, and baeocytous types) exhibit fascicular, radial, and parallel arrangements, partly tracing the reconstructed course of phylogenetic branching. Contrary to previous studies, taxonomic value of thylakoid morphology seems very limited. Only special cases such as thylakoid absence or the parallel arrangement could be used as taxonomically informative apomorphies. The phylogenetic trees provide evidence of both paraphyly and reversion from more derived architectures in the simple parietal thylakoid pattern. Repeated convergent evolution is suggested for the radial and fascicular architectures. Moreover, thylakoid arrangement is constrained by cell size, excluding the occurrence of complex architectures in cyanobacteria smaller than 2 μm in width. It may further be dependent on unknown (eco)physiological factors as suggested by recurrence of the radial type in unrelated but morphologically similar cyanobacteria, and occurrence of special features throughout the phylogeny. No straightforward phylogenetic congruences have been found between proteins involved in photosynthesis and thylakoid formation, and the thylakoid patterns. Remarkably, several postulated thylakoid biogenesis factors are partly or completely missing in cyanobacteria, challenging their proposed essential roles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Evolutionary Patterns of Thylakoid Architecture in Cyanobacteria

et al. 2019

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“…A library of known cyanobacterial metabolites was used for confirmation of retention time [ 43 ]. Toxins were extracted after a 4-hour period using acidified acetonitrile [ 44 ] at 4 °C, then clarified using 0.2 µm filters prior to analysis. Samples were loaded onto a C18 column (3 × 100 mm, 3 µm particle size, Phenomenex Corp., Torrance, CA, USA), with formic-acid-added ultrapure water and acetonitrile as mobile phases.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Assessment of Microbial Community Structure of Wind-Tidal Flats in the Laguna Madre, Texas, USA

Huang

Pinnell

Turner

et al. 2020

Biology

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Aside from two samples collected nearly 50 years ago, little is known about the microbial composition of wind tidal flats in the hypersaline Laguna Madre, Texas. These mats account for ~42% of the lagoon’s area. These microbial communities were sampled at four locations that historically had mats in the Laguna Madre, including Laguna Madre Field Station (LMFS), Nighthawk Bay (NH), and two locations in Kenedy Ranch (KRN and KRS). Amplicon sequencing of 16S genes determined the presence of 51 prokaryotic phyla dominated by Bacteroidota, Chloroflexi, Cyanobacteria, Desulfobacteria, Firmicutes, Halobacteria, and Proteobacteria. The microbial community structure of NH and KR is significantly different to LMFS, in which Bacteroidota and Proteobacteria were most abundant. Twenty-three cyanobacterial taxa were identified via genomic analysis, whereas 45 cyanobacterial taxa were identified using morphological analysis, containing large filamentous forms on the surface, and smaller, motile filamentous and coccoid forms in subsurface mat layers. Sample sites were dominated by species in Oscillatoriaceae (i.e., Lyngbya) and Coleofasciculaceae (i.e., Coleofasciculus). Most cyanobacterial sequences (~35%) could not be assigned to any established taxa at the family/genus level, given the limited knowledge of hypersaline cyanobacteria. A total of 73 cyanobacterial bioactive metabolites were identified using ultra performance liquid chromatography-Orbitrap MS analysis from these commu nities. Laguna Madre seems unique compared to other sabkhas in terms of its microbiology.

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“…Some of these isolated strains have been already investigated regarding the production of bioactive secondary metabolites of biomedical and biotechnological interest (Caires et al, 2018a;Silva et al, 2014). In addition, recently erected taxa such as Moorea (Engene et al, 2012), Caldora (Engene et al, 2015), Toxifilum (Zimba, Huang, Foley, Linton, & Vis, 2017) and Dapis (Engene, Tronholm, Paul, & De Clerck, 2018) have also been reported to be prolific producers of bioactive compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel marine cyanobacteria from the Atlantic coast of Brazil

et al. 2020

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Marine cyanobacteria have emerged as a source of promising bioactive compounds. The isolation of strains from tropical environments seems to be an important step in the search for molecules displaying bioactivity, besides being valuable for biotechnological purposes. Thus, the objective of the present study was to describe marine cyanobacterial strains, isolated and characterized in terms of morphology and molecular phylogeny, as well as screened for biologically active compounds. Five strains were isolated and morphologically characterized as Leptolyngbya (CENA553, CENA554 and CENA555) and Geitlerinema (CENA552 and CENA556). Considering the phylogenetic results, these strains did not match the clusters of the type-species or reference strains, indicating the possible emergence of new generic entities morphologically related to Leptolyngbya and Geitlerinema. Among the isolated strains, CENA552 and CENA556 were selected for chemical analyses. Five known nucleosides with biological activities and two amino acids were recognized and isolated from the CENA556 strain. The GC-MS analyses of strains CENA552 and CENA556 revealed distinct classes of non-polar compounds, with a predominance of octadecane (CENA556), 2-hexyl-1-decanol (CENA552) and neophytadiene (CENA552 and CENA556) hydrocarbons. All nucleosides and amino acids were highly abundant, indicating these morphotypes as promising sources of these bioactive compounds. This is the first report considering taxonomy/molecular phylogeny as well as chemistry prospection of morphotypes resembling Geitlerinema-like isolated from the Brazilian coastal area, highlighting the potential of these taxa for biotechnological applications.

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Identification of a new‐to‐science cyanobacterium, Toxifilum mysidocida gen. nov. & sp. nov. (Cyanobacteria, Cyanophyceae)

Cited by 29 publications

References 62 publications

Evolutionary Patterns of Thylakoid Architecture in Cyanobacteria

Evolutionary Patterns of Thylakoid Architecture in Cyanobacteria

Preliminary Assessment of Microbial Community Structure of Wind-Tidal Flats in the Laguna Madre, Texas, USA

Novel marine cyanobacteria from the Atlantic coast of Brazil

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