With the continuous development of society, information transmission can be seen everywhere, and various forms of visual communication with artistic design such as posters, periodicals, and electronic screens appear one after another. Visual communication is the effective communication of information through various visual elements. Visual communication of art design can promote the exchange of information and promote the development and progress of society. However, in the process of visual communication of artistic design, there are many problems of unclear images such as halo and inconsistent brightness, which brings bad visual experience to the information receiver. The linear operator theory has the ability to transform parameters and generalize to find the optimal solution, and the linear operator theory is applied to the visual communication of art design, which can effectively solve the problem of unclear images in traditional visual communication. This paper compares and analyzes the information entropy and mapping similarity between the visual communication of art design based on the linear operator theory and the traditional visual communication of art design by setting up an experimental group. The results showed that, among the four communication methods of art design visual communication, that is, figures, videos, animations, and movies, the mapping information entropy of art design visual communication based on linear operator theory in 6 different scenarios is 1.55 more than the traditional visual communication mode on average, and the average mapping similarity is 0.10 more. Therefore, the visual communication of artistic design based on the linear operator theory can convey more information and more accurate information and improve the effect of visual communication.