Identification of Aging Effects in Common Rail Diesel Injectors Using Geometric Classifiers and Neural Networks

Hofmann, Oliver; Strauß, Peter; Schuckert, Sebastian; Huber, Benedikt; Rixen, Daniel J.; Wachtmeister, Georg

doi:10.4271/2016-01-0813

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Once the detection of nozzle aging effects is possible, 22,23,26 the question arises how to compensate for these aging effects. Therefore, compensation strategies were studied via simulations.…”

Section: Assessment Of Load Recovery Methods and Their Respective Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation into simulated aging effects of common-rail injector nozzles: Influences on injection rate, spray characteristics, and engine performance

Schuckert

Hofmann

Wachtmeister

2019

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Emission performance of combustion engines has gained outstanding importance with both legislators and customers over the past years. Injector aging, such as nozzle wear or coking, results in the deterioration of injection and emission parameters. In this study, the influences of aging effects on injection rate, fuel spray as well as engine performance and emissions were assessed. Nozzles, which had previously been operated in a vehicle engine and were likely to have suffered from aging, showed no aging-induced characteristics during injection rate and spray measurements and were not investigated further. Therefore, nozzles with different nozzle hole diameters were utilized to simulate the different aging effects. Injection rate measurements demonstrated, that for smaller energizing times, a nozzle with smaller nozzle holes can deliver a higher injected mass than a nozzle with bigger nozzle holes. The adaptation of energizing time or injection pressure demonstrated the potential to compensate the change in engine load due to smaller or bigger nozzle holes. For bigger nozzle holes, the adaptation of injection pressure in order to restore the target load returned lower NOx emissions, whereas the adaptation of the energizing time always yielded lower soot emissions compared to the reference nozzle. For small nozzle holes, the optimization of the start of energizing reduced specific NOx emissions without increasing specific soot emissions. The comparison of measured injection rate and fuel spray characteristics to the ones reported in literature confirms the possibility of simulating nozzle wear by increased nozzle holes and coking by smaller nozzle holes. The results of this study are of vital interest to the research of aging effects and add useful knowledge about compensation methods for nozzle aging.

show abstract

Section: Assessment Of Load Recovery Methods and Their Respective Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation into simulated aging effects of common-rail injector nozzles: Influences on injection rate, spray characteristics, and engine performance

Schuckert

Hofmann

Wachtmeister

2019

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There are still some individual differences in diesel engines of the same type, due to differences in industrial production accuracy. The injector flow capacity changes during engine operation with the aging of the injection system, 2,7–10 cavitation in the injection system, 11,12 and other factors. The time history of the injection rate in the two stages of the life cycle is shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of fuel injection rate identification algorithm based on rail pressure fluctuation characteristics induced by injection

Lei

Qiu

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As an important part of the common-rail (CR) fuel system for diesel engines, the injector circulation capacity and the fuel injection mass flow rate vary with carbon deposition and wear, affecting the engine output performance. This study proposes a method to identify the fuel injection rate online, based on the rail pressure fluctuation characteristics induced by fuel injection. The control algorithm uses the signal from the existing rail pressure sensor; the diesel engine does not require modification or additional sensors. A quasi-dimensional model of the CR fuel system was built to analyse the rail pressure wave fluctuation characteristics, and a parameter K was defined as the pressure drop rate. Based on K, a control algorithm was proposed. A high-pressure fuel pump test rig was built to test the fuel injection performance under different operating conditions, and the experimental data were processed by wavelet transform. From the test data, the K of the CR system was analysed using the feedback of the rail pressure sensor. The experimental results show that the value of K increases with an increase in the initial pressure and injection pulse, and is independent of the injection mode. The algorithm is feasible, and works more accurately with a longer injection pulse and a lower pump speed. This method uses the existing rail pressure sensor, does not incur extra cost and has great potential for improving the injection accuracy.

show abstract

“…In addition to the analysis of the various physical influences of aging components, control strategies which focus on identifying and compensating for the aging effects of injectors are also studied in several research studies [21][22][23]. Such efforts on the research of injector aging all serve the same purpose: ensuring an ideal fuel injection to achieve high efficiency, low emissions and low noise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Speed Imaging of Spray Formation and Combustion in an Optical Engine: Effects of Injector Aging and TPGME as a Fuel Additive

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

High-speed imaging of fuel sprays and combustion is conducted on a light-duty optical engine to investigate the effects of injector aging, with a focus on soot. The spray behaviors of one new and one aged injector are compared using Mie-scattering. In addition to this, the combustion process of a baseline diesel fuel and a blend with TPGME (tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether) are compared using natural luminosity (NL) imaging. TPGME is an oxygenated additive which can be used to reduce soot emissions. X-ray tomography of the two injectors demonstrates that the aging does not lead to significant geometry differences, nor to formation of dense internal nozzle deposits. Both injectors show similar liquid penetration and spreading angle. However, the aged injector shows a prolonged injection and more fuel dribbling after the injection events, leading to a higher injection quantity. The fuel quantity difference shows a larger impact on the NL at low load than the TPGME additive, indicating that the in-cylinder temperature is more important for soot oxidation than oxygen concentration under these conditions. At medium load, the NL is much less sensitive to small temperature variations, while the TPGME is more effective for soot reduction.

show abstract

Identification of Aging Effects in Common Rail Diesel Injectors Using Geometric Classifiers and Neural Networks

Cited by 15 publications

References 15 publications

Experimental investigation into simulated aging effects of common-rail injector nozzles: Influences on injection rate, spray characteristics, and engine performance

Experimental investigation into simulated aging effects of common-rail injector nozzles: Influences on injection rate, spray characteristics, and engine performance

Investigation of fuel injection rate identification algorithm based on rail pressure fluctuation characteristics induced by injection

High-Speed Imaging of Spray Formation and Combustion in an Optical Engine: Effects of Injector Aging and TPGME as a Fuel Additive

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About