Identification of Atlantic water inflow on the north Svalbard shelf during the Holocene

Peral, Marion; Austin, William E. N.; Noormets, Riko

doi:10.1002/jqs.3374

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…As a result, several recent studies successfully applied the Marine20 curve in the Nordic Seas (e.g. El Bani Altuna et al, 2021; Farmer et al, 2021; Pados-Dibattista et al, 2022; Peral et al, 2021). As shown in Figure 2a and b, the differences yielded by calibration using Marine20 compared to Marine 13 are minor, especially taking into account the time scales discussed in this paper.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The significance of Atlantic Water routing in the Nordic Seas: The Holocene perspective

et al. 2022

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The Nordic Seas are a key region for global ocean circulation, crucial in water mass exchange between the North Atlantic and the Arctic oceans, and deepwater formation. The advection of Atlantic Water (AW) to the Nordic Seas is decisive for the oceanography and climate of the region and beyond. Here, we present a set of sedimentary records, including two new cores from the western Nordic Seas to reconstruct the history of AW routing in the Nordic Seas over the Holocene. Our results show that the early Holocene (11.7–8 ka BP) thermal maximum, caused by an ‘overshoot’ of overturning circulation and high insolation, was limited to the eastern Nordic Seas, while the western part remained cold due to the meltwater blocking the spreading of AW. After 8 ka BP, the retreat of the freshwater lid allowed AW to reach the central Greenland Sea, where deep convection developed. After 5 ka BP, the increase in sea-ice export from the Arctic strengthened deep convection, which intensified the westward AW flow. A disruption of convectional activity around 2.7 ka BP, triggered by a minimum in solar activity, caused cooling and expansion of sea ice in the Nordic Seas and might have contributed to a global climatic deterioration. The overturning circulation in the Nordic Seas did not recover to its previous state until the present. We demonstrate that the rate of AW advection into the Nordic Seas alone is not enough to understand the oceanographic evolution of this area and its influence on regional or even global ocean and climate changes. The shifts in AW routing within the Nordic Seas and the rate of deep convection are also important.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The significance of Atlantic Water routing in the Nordic Seas: The Holocene perspective

et al. 2022

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“…Examples of circum-Greenland studies where Marine20 was used, while the ages were corrected by an outdated ΔR value are plenty (Olsen et al, 2022;Devendra et al, 2022;Sha et al, 2022;Peral et al, 2022;Allaart et al, 2021) and this has unfortunately lead to errors in the final age models. To simplify the discussion and to enable us to cite previously used regional reservoir age correction values, we introduce the term ΔRxx where xx stands for the publication year of calibration curve.…”

Section: The Marine20 Calibration Curvementioning

confidence: 99%

The marine reservoir age of Greenland coastal waters

Pearce

Özdemir²,

Forchhammer

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Abstract. Knowledge of the marine reservoir age is fundamental for creating reliable chronologies of marine sediment archives based on radiocarbon dating. This age difference between the 14C age of a marine sample and that of its contemporaneous atmosphere is dependent on several factors, among others ocean circulation, water mass distribution, terrestrial runoff, upwelling, sea-ice cover and is therefore spatially heterogenous. Anthropogenic influence on the global isotopic carbon system, mostly through atmospheric nuclear tests, has complicated the determination of the regional reservoir age correction ΔR, which therefore can only be measured on historic samples of known age. In this study we expand on the few existing measurements of ΔR for the coastal waters around Greenland, by adding 92 new radiocarbon dates on mollusks from museum collections. All studied mollusk samples were collected during historic expeditions of the late 19th and early 20th centuries and besides coastal sites around Greenland, the dataset also includes localities from the western Labrador Sea, Baffin Bay, and the Iceland Sea. Together with existing measurements, the new results are used to calculate average ΔR values for different regions around Greenland, all in relation to Marine20, the most recent radiocarbon calibration curve. To support further discussions and comparison with previous datasets, we introduce the term ΔR13 where the suffix 13 refers to the previous calibration curve Marine13. Our study explores the links between the marine reservoir age and oceanography, sea ice cover, water depth, mollusk feeding habits, and the presence of carbonate bedrock. Although we provide regional averages, we encourage people to consult the full catalogue of measurements and determine a suitable ΔR for each case individually, based on the exact location including water depth. Despite this significant expansion of the regional reservoir age database around Greenland, data from the northern coast, directly bordering the Arctic Ocean remains missing.

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“…The calibration of a radiocarbon date using the Ma-rine20 curve but corrected by an old (pre-2020) R value simply results in the wrong final calibrated age, so it is crucial to use the appropriate updated R value for the new curve. Examples of circum-Greenland studies where Ma-rine20 was used, while the ages were corrected by an outdated R value, are plenty (Olsen et al, 2022;Devendra et al, 2022;Sha et al, 2022;Peral et al, 2022;Allaart et al, 2021), and this has unfortunately led to errors in the final age models. To simplify the discussion and to enable us to cite previously used regional reservoir age correction values, we use the term R xx where xx stands for the publication year of calibration curve.…”

Section: The Marine20 Calibration Curvementioning

confidence: 99%

The marine reservoir age of Greenland coastal waters

Pearce,

Özdemir,

Forchhammer Mathiasen

et al. 2023

Geochronology

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Abstract. Knowledge of the marine reservoir age is fundamental for creating reliable chronologies of marine sediment archives based on radiocarbon dating. This age difference between the 14C age of a marine sample and that of its contemporaneous atmosphere is dependent on several factors (among others, ocean circulation, water mass distribution, terrestrial runoff, upwelling, and sea-ice cover) and is therefore spatially heterogeneous. Anthropogenic influence on the global isotopic carbon system, mostly through atmospheric nuclear tests, has complicated the determination of the regional reservoir age correction ΔR, which therefore can only be measured in historic samples of known age. In this study we expand on the few existing measurements of ΔR for the coastal waters around Greenland, by adding 92 new radiocarbon dates on mollusks from museum collections. All studied mollusk samples were collected during historic expeditions of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and besides coastal sites around Greenland, the new measurements also include localities from the western Labrador Sea, Baffin Bay, and the Iceland Sea. Together with existing measurements, the new results are used to calculate average ΔR values for different regions around Greenland, all in relation to Marine20, the most recent marine radiocarbon calibration curve. To support further discussions and comparison with previous datasets, we use the term ΔR13, where the suffix 13 refers to the previous calibration curve Marine13. Our study explores the links between the marine reservoir age and oceanography, sea-ice cover, water depth, mollusk feeding habits, and the presence of carbonate bedrock. Although we provide regional averages, we encourage people to consult the full catalogue of measurements and determine a suitable ΔR for each case individually, based on the exact location including water depth. Despite this significant expansion of the regional reservoir age database around Greenland, data from the northern coast, directly bordering the Arctic Ocean, remain missing.

show abstract

Identification of Atlantic water inflow on the north Svalbard shelf during the Holocene

Cited by 6 publications

References 117 publications

The significance of Atlantic Water routing in the Nordic Seas: The Holocene perspective

The significance of Atlantic Water routing in the Nordic Seas: The Holocene perspective

The marine reservoir age of Greenland coastal waters

The marine reservoir age of Greenland coastal waters

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