Identification of azaarenes and other basic compounds in fly ash from municipal waste incinerator by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry

Organic carbon leaching behavior from incinerator bottom ash

“…A high L/S ratio was employed to avoid the supersaturation of Ca with respect to other leachable species [16]. HCl was added to maintain the pH at 11,9,8,7,6,4 or 2 and then the L/S ratio was kept in the range of 90-100 for all experiments. Mixtures were continuously stirred at 20 • C for 2 h at each pH value.…”

“…The matrix elements of MSWI bottom ash are comparable in concentration with igneous rocks, the main components being Ca, Si, Al, Fe, Na, Mg and K [3]. MSWI bottom ash, however, also contains a fraction of unburned organic matter and organic by-products, which contains various hazardous organic substances [4,5], totaling approximately 4% w/w in concentration, and there is a concern that their release may pose a threat to surface and groundwater quality [6]. The material can be regarded as a potential risk to the environment, depending on the leaching of these contaminants [7].…”

Occurrence of azaarenes in sediments of the Danshuei River, Taiwan—The use of azaarenes as indicator of anthropogenic source to the estuarine system

“…These air particulates provide a concentrated source of azaarenes to fresh sediments either via direct deposition into fresh and marine waters followed by the subsequent settling, or via indirect sewage effluent, storm, and river water runoff (Furlong and Carpenter, 1982). Azaarenes are found in a number of environmental media, including urban aerosols Preston, 1997, 1998;Nito and Ishizaki, 1997), marine and freshwater sediments (Catallo, 1996;Osborne et al, 1997;Machala et al, 2001), and crude oil and petroleum products (Yamamoto, 1992). Still, much less is known about the aquatic levels and reactions of azaarenes than about their parent PAHs.…”

Chemical extraction of organic carbon to reduce the leaching potential risk from MSWI bottom ash

“…Municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) bottom ash represents about 80% of the residues from incinerated MSW and is considered a heterogeneous slag, which mainly consists of glass, magnetic and paramagnetic metals, minerals and ceramics [2]. MSWI bottom ash, however, also contains a fraction of unburned organic matter and organic byproducts, which contain various hazardous organic substances [3,4] that may pose a threat to surface and groundwater quality [5].…”