Identification of bacillomycin D from Bacillus subtilis fmbJ and its inhibition effects against Aspergillus flavus

Decontamination of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus spores on hazelnuts via atmospheric pressure fluidized bed plasma reactor

“…Ten microliters portions of the sample were placed on SEM stubs, which were air-dried in desiccators before sputter coating with a thin layer of gold palladium. After coating, the samples were examined using a scanning electron microscope (QUANTA 400F Field Emission SEM, METU Central Lab., Ankara Turkey) operated at the high vacuum mode with an acceleration voltage of 20 kV (Gong et al, 2014;Guven et al, 2011).…”

Rapid profiling of antimicrobial compounds characterising B. subtilis TR50 cell‐free filtrate by high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to high‐resolution Orbitrap™ mass spectrometry

“…In general, most of the above‐mentioned mass spectrometric techniques were usually preceded by purification steps based on HCl or ammonium sulphate precipitation, ultrafiltration, solid‐phase extraction or thin‐layer chromatography (TLC) …”

Antifungal Effects of Lipopeptide Produced by <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> BH072

“…Here we firstly studied the antifungal effect of purified iturin A on F. oxysporum fungal cell wall, cell membrane and cell contents. From morphological observation, iturin A could injure cells of hyphae and spores and damage cell membrane, which are same as surfactin and fengycin [17]. In this study, the AKP activity, conductivity and protein contents were measured; and results suggested that iturin A undermined the integrity of the fungal cell wall and membrane, causing leakage of the contents.…”

“…Optical and fluorescence microscopy analyses revealed several morphological changes in conidia and substantial distortions in F. graminearum hyphae treated with iturin A [16]. Bacillomycin D exhibited antifungal effect on the mycelium growth, sportulation and spore germination of Aspergillus flavus, and it could injure the cell wall and cell membrane of hypha and spore then cytoplasms by observation of SEM and TEM [17]. According to literatures, a very large number of antifungal proteins active on the fungal cell wall, on enzymes of the cell wall synthesis machinery, the plasma membrane and on intracellular targets have been characterized [18].…”