Identification of C-Band Radio Frequency Interferences from Sentinel-1 Data

Guarnieri, Andrea Monti; Giudici, Davide; Recchia, Andrea

doi:10.3390/rs9111183

Cited by 32 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Figure 6a illustrates possible terrestrial radio emitters. In recent years, many terrestrial RFI cases have been observed in airborne SAR systems such as AIRSAR [18,19], E-SAR [20], UAVSAR [5], and space-borne SAR systems like PALSAR [21,22] and Sentinel-1 [23][24][25]. Figure 6b illustrates the interfering mechanism between the terrestrial RFI and the SAR system.…”

Section: Terrestrial Rfi Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mitigation of Radio Frequency Interference in Synthetic Aperture Radar Data: Current Status and Future Trends

et al. 2019

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Radio frequency interference (RFI) is a major issue in accurate remote sensing by a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system, which poses a great hindrance to raw data collection, image formation, and subsequent interpretation process. This paper provides a comprehensive study of the RFI mitigation techniques applicable for an SAR system. From the view of spectrum allocation, possible terrestrial and spaceborne RFI sources to SAR system and their geometry are analyzed. Typical signal models for various RFI types are provided, together with many illustrative examples from real measured data. Then, advanced signal processing techniques for removing RFI are reviewed. Advantages and drawbacks of each approach are discussed in terms of their applicability. Discussion on the future trends are provided from the perspective of cognitive, integrated, and adaptive. This review serves as a reference for future work on the implementation of the most suitable RFI mitigation scheme for an air-borne or space-borne SAR system.

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Section: Terrestrial Rfi Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reference source not found. ], and space-borne SAR systems like PALSAR [20,21] and Sentinel-1 [22][23][24]. Figure 6b illustrates the interfering mechanism between the terrestrial RFI and the SAR system.…”

Section: Terrestrial Rfi Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of Radio Frequency Interference in Synthetic Aperture Radar Data: Current Status and Future Trends

et al. 2019

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“…The balance between ground and LEO RFI is different in the two frequencies: the C-band systems are more subject to on-ground RFI, since the band is open to ground services like weather radar [8,9], whereby X band is primarily allocated to ESS-Active (Exploration Satellite Service), that should, in principle, exclude on-ground RFI. However, the number of present and future X band SARs, like the forthcoming constellations of light SARs: ICEYE, Capella Space or UmbraLab, is so large to motivate the in-depth analysis performed in the paper, and the need for a performance model capable of adapting to present and future scenarios.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LEO to GEO-SAR Interferences: Modelling and Performance Evaluation

et al. 2019

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This paper proposes a statistical model to evaluate the impact of the signal backscattered by low Earth orbiting (LEO) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and received by GEO-stationary orbiting SAR. The model properly accounts for the bistatic backscatter, the number of LEO-SAR satellites and their duty cycles. The presence of many sun-synchronous, dawn-dusk satellites creates a 24 h periodic pattern in interference that should be considered in the acquisition plan of future geostationary SAR. The model, implemented by a numerical simulator, allows also the prediction of performance in future scenarios of many LEO-SAR. Examples and evaluations are made here for X band.

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“…The process of estimating soil moisture from C-band SAR data is complicated by scattering from vegetation (Lang and Sidhu, 1983), scattering due to soil surface roughness (Álvarez-Mozos et al, 2009;Martinez-Agirre et al, 2017), temperature dependence (Rodionova, 2017b), scattering from man-made objects (Tadono et al, 2000) and sources of radio frequency interference (RFI) (Monti-Guarnieri et al, 2017).…”

Section: Factors Affecting C-band Sar Soil Moisture Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The significance of soil properties to the estimation of soil moisture from C-band synthetic aperture radar

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Snapir

Waine

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. Soil Moisture is a key variable in hydrology, weather and climate modelling. Research has been directed to the estimation of soil moisture over wide areas through a combination of modelling, in-situ measurement and remote sensing to improve the accuracy of hydrological and meteorological forecasting. For monitoring and controlling irrigation and other agricultural purposes, there is also a need to capture local variability. Significant soil moisture differences are observed between and within fields due to land use, soil properties, drainage, tillage, vegetation, solar radiation, air temperature, wind, rain and other factors. Taking the United Kingdom as an example, the average area of agricultural fields is about 12 hectares, requiring a mapping resolution of less than 100 m. Satellite-based remote sensing, including the use of C-band SAR (such as on Sentinel-1), has the potential to satisfy this requirement, but many current data products are aggregated to a spatial resolution of at least 1km and/or provide soil moisture in relative units or indices. Both strategies mitigate the uncertainties introduced by field-scale variability in soil hydrological and vegetation properties. Geospatial datasets of soil properties and land use, crop modelling and other remote sensing techniques may provide an alternative approach to mitigating this variability and allow finer scale products to be produced with acceptable errors. This paper looks at the role of soil properties in the estimation of soil moisture from C-band SAR. We show that information on the soil texture, organic matter content, surface temperature, land use and crop modelling should be important inputs to the success of retrieving soil moisture at the field scale. Previously published data provides guidance in setting soil roughness parameters, based on soil properties, following farming operations such as primary tillage. Beyond soil moisture retrieval, there is exciting potential in SAR remote sensing data to improve the spatial resolution and mapping accuracy of some soil properties.

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Identification of C-Band Radio Frequency Interferences from Sentinel-1 Data

Cited by 32 publications

References 9 publications

Mitigation of Radio Frequency Interference in Synthetic Aperture Radar Data: Current Status and Future Trends

Mitigation of Radio Frequency Interference in Synthetic Aperture Radar Data: Current Status and Future Trends

LEO to GEO-SAR Interferences: Modelling and Performance Evaluation

The significance of soil properties to the estimation of soil moisture from C-band synthetic aperture radar

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