Identification of candidate biomarkers of the exposure to PCBs in contaminated cattle: A gene expression- and proteomic-based approach

Girolami, Flavia; Badino, P.; Spalenza, Verónica; Manzini, L.; Renzone, Giovanni; Salzano, Anna Maria; Piaz, Fabrizio Dal; Scaloni, Andrea; Rychen, Guido; Nebbia, Carlo

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.284

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…(2018) investigated serum biomarkers of contamination with dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs ) in dairy cows and identified seven serum proteins associated with contamination. Of note, serum amyloid A-4, serpin A3-7, and fibrinogen β chain demonstrated a progressive decrease in concentration with decreasing contamination 30 . Additionally, serpin A3-7 was previously identified in exosomes derived from dairy cows with uterine infection 21 , and fibrinogen β chain was previously identified in exosomes of high-risk cows one week after calving 22 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Circulating exosomes may identify biomarkers for cows at risk for metabolic dysfunction

Almughlliq

Koh

Peiris

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Disease susceptibility of dairy cows is greatest during the transition from pregnancy to lactation. Circulating exosomes may provide biomarkers to detect at-risk cows to enhance health and productivity. From 490 cows, animals at high- (n = 20) or low-risk (n = 20) of transition-related diseases were identified using plasma non-esterified fatty acid and β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations and liver triacylglyceride concentrations during the two weeks post-calving. We isolated circulating exosomes from plasma of dairy cows at low-risk (LR-EXO) and high-risk (HR-EXO), and analyzed their proteome profiles to determine markers for metabolic dysfunction. We evaluated the effects of these exosomes on eicosanoid pathway expression by bovine endometrial stromal (bCSC) and epithelial (bEEL) cells. HR-EXO had significantly lower yield of circulating exosomes compared with LR-EXO, and unique proteins were identified in HR-EXO and LR-EXO. Exposure to LR-EXO or HR-EXO differentially regulated eicosanoid gene expression and production in bCSC and bEEL cells. In bCSC, LR-EXO exposure increased PGE2 and PGD2 production, whereas HR-EXO exposure increased PTGS2 gene expression. In bEEL, HR-EXO exposure caused a decrease in PGE2, PGF2α, PGD2, PGFM and TXB2 production. The unique presence of serpin A3-7, coiled-coil domain containing 88A and inhibin/activin β A chain in HR-EXO, indicates potential biomarkers for cows at-risk for metabolic diseases. Our results are in line with the health status of the cow indicating a potential diagnostic role for exosomes in enhancing cows’ health and fertility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Circulating exosomes may identify biomarkers for cows at risk for metabolic dysfunction

Almughlliq

Koh

Peiris

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…A “one size fits all” framework model for animal biomonitoring is not possible and each specific context may vary depending on type of pollution source, known or suspected type of contaminants, animal species and production, available resources, and social and economic acceptability. In relation to the latter issue, it is important to recall the extremely high cost of dioxin analysis and the absence of biochemical markers of mammal tissue contamination, even if recently, biomarkers for PCB’s in cows were proposed (Girolami et al 2018). Therefore, it is of paramount importance the adoption of a sampling protocol that maximizes the results and it is cost-effective at the same time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of a risk-based standardized animal biomonitoring approach to contaminated sites

Scaramozzino

Battisti

Desiato

et al. 2019

Environ Monit Assess

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Biomonitoring has been used to disclose the public health impact of contaminated sites. This study aimed at setting up good practices to apply biomonitoring targeting animal matrixes to design risk-based surveillance and exposure assessment plans. A nine-step protocol targeting farmed animals was devised and tested in three case study areas including (1) a waste dump, (2) a waste incinerator, and (3) a secondary aluminum smelter. Between 2010 and 2012, in each study area, the following 9step best practices were applied: hazard identification, GIS project creation, risk area delimitation, control area selection, receptors (livestock) identification, farms and matrixes selection, sampling study design, on-farm secondary sources exclusion, and statistical and geostatistical analysis. Dairy farms and free-range laying hens were the primary targets: eggs from both risk and control areas and milk from risk areas were sampled and submitted for detection of selected tracking contaminants compatible with the putative sources. Comparison data (risk vs. control) of heavy metal concentrations in eggs were available only for case study 2, whereas egg comparison data of persistent organic pollutants were available for all the riskcontrol pairs. After taking into account potential secondary sources, no concern from metals was arisen, whereas high concentrations of persistent organic pollutants were detected in all risk areas; however, only for the aluminum smelter case study, the contamination was broad and higher in the risk area compared with the control one. The protocol has proved to be easily applicable and flexible to varying contexts and able to provide helpful data to inform risk management decisions.

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“…Studies show that the path followed by pollutant substances through the fish begins with entrance through the gills or the mouth into the alimentary canal, followed by absorption or accumulation, metabolism by the liver, transfer of pollutants or their metabolites to the liver, and, finally, excretion through kidneys. PCBs are seen to bioaccumulate in both plant and animal biota [28][29][30][31][32][33][34] and expose man [35][36][37][38][39][40] , who is at the end of many food chains, too much higher levels as compared to trace levels present in the environment. There are indications that chronic exposure to PCB mixtures (Aroclor 1254) may lead to toxicity, and the PCBs may persist in fish tissues for about 3 months 41 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2021

IJPSR

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Two species of freshwater fish, Rasbora daniconius and Puntius ticto, were procured from a local freshwater body. They were subjected to chronic exposure by a daily sub-lethal dose of PCB 126, by use of a continuous flow-through method, for a period of 30 days. Estimation of bioaccumulation of PCB 126 in the intestine tissues of the fish was carried out at intervals of every 5 days using suitable clean-up methods. The extent of bioaccumulation of PCB 126 per gram wet weight of tissue in the eluate obtained after the cleanup process was assessed with the help of GC-MS. Both species of the test fish showed bioaccumulation in varying concentrations in the intestine tissue. A comparison of the PCB 126 values at the end of the experimental period of 30 days shows that there is an appreciably greater extent of bioaccumulation of PCB 126 in intestine tissue of the freshwater fish, Rasbora daniconius as compared to that of Puntius ticto.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fish of both species were obtained from local freshwater bodies. Their easy availability, small size, less weight, ease of stocking and handling, etc., rendered them favorable for the present study. The fish were acclimatized in dechlorinated tap water for about ten days at room temperature.

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Identification of candidate biomarkers of the exposure to PCBs in contaminated cattle: A gene expression- and proteomic-based approach

Cited by 7 publications

References 40 publications

Circulating exosomes may identify biomarkers for cows at risk for metabolic dysfunction

Circulating exosomes may identify biomarkers for cows at risk for metabolic dysfunction

Application of a risk-based standardized animal biomonitoring approach to contaminated sites

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