Identification of caries risk in 2‐year‐olds

Wigen, Tove Irene; Baumgartner, Christine Sophie; Wang, Nina Johanne

doi:10.1111/cdoe.12366

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The timing seems to be of importance and it is suggested that tooth brushing should be commenced not later than at 1 year-of age (Kumar et al 2016). The best evidence comes from randomized controlled trials and from prospective observational studies; recent data from a Norwegian birth cohort have confirmed the importance of an early start and twice daily brushing with fluoride toothpaste to reduce the development of dental caries from 2 to 5 years of age Wang 2015, 2017;Wigen et al 2018). We have previously described the influence of birth-related and family factors on early childhood caries development up to the age of 5 years in a birth cohort that was monitored prospectively (Boustedt et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tooth brushing habits and prevalence of early childhood caries: a prospective cohort study

Boustedt

Dahlgren

Twetman

et al. 2019

Eur Arch Paediatr Dent

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Purpose To study the relationship between the tooth-brushing habits during the preschool ages and caries prevalence at the age of 5 years and to investigate a possible association with the mode of delivery. Methods The study population consisted of 336 children that were orally examined at 2, 3 and 5 years. All stages of caries were scored on tooth and surface level. Data on tooth brushing behaviour were collected through semi-structured interviews. Results At 5 years, the attrition rate was 13.1%. The total caries prevalence (cavitated and non-cavitated lesions) was 18.9%. The vast majority of the parents assisted their child with the brushing and 98% used fluoride toothpaste. The relative risk (RR) for caries was significantly (p < 0.05) increased for "tooth brushing less than twice daily" at two (RR 2.1, 95% CI 1.3-3.3, p < 0.01) and 3 years (RR 3.6, 95% CI 2.0-6.7; p < 0.001). Likewise, reporting "major/minor difficulties to perform tooth brushing" at 2 and 3 years was significantly related to caries development at the age of five (RR 1.5, 95% CI 1.0-2.4, p < 0.05 and RR 2.5, 95% CI 1.4-4.3; p < 0.01). We found no significant association between the tooth brushing habits and the mode of delivery. Conclusions Less than twice daily tooth-brushing and difficulties to perform the procedure during the first preschool years were significant determinants of caries prevalence at the age of 5 years. Health professionals should, therefore, give special attention and assist parents to improve and optimize their tooth brushing behaviour during the preschool years.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tooth brushing habits and prevalence of early childhood caries: a prospective cohort study

Boustedt

Dahlgren

Twetman

et al. 2019

Eur Arch Paediatr Dent

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“…habits necessary to prevent caries development in newly erupted permanent teeth. One study has shown that children who develop caries before 2 years of age had more caries at 5 years of age than children without caries at age 2 years [26]. The results from this study suggest that children who develop caries soon after the eruption of primary teeth have increased caries risk also in the young permanent dentition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

“…Initiation of favourable oral health habits should preferably start when the first primary tooth erupts. In Norway, collaboration between general health services and dental services is established [26,27]. New national guidelines regarding oral care in children younger than 3 years of age were introduced in 2019 [28,29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do enamel and dentine caries at 5 years of age predict caries development in newly erupted teeth? A prospective longitudinal study

Sæthre-Sundli

Wang

Wigen

2020

Acta Odontologica Scandinavica

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Objective: To explore caries development in children from 5 to 12 years of age, and to study whether enamel caries and dentine caries at 5 years of age could predict caries prevalence at 12 years of age, controlled for child characteristics. Methods: The study included 3282 children examined at 5 and 12 years of age. Data were collected by clinical examination and questionnaire. Enamel and dentine caries were registered at surface level. Data were tested by t-test and analysed by bi-and multivariate logistic regression. The study was ethically approved. Results: In 5-year-olds, 15% of the children had dentine caries experience and 21% had enamel caries. In 12-year-olds, 32% had dentine caries experience and 47% had enamel caries. Children with dentine caries experience at 5 years of age had at 12 years of age developed more surfaces with enamel caries (mean 2.8, SD 4.2) and dentine caries experience (mean 1.8, SD 2.5) than other children (p < .05). Dentine caries experience at 12 years of age was associated with having only enamel caries (OR 1.6, CI 1.2-2.0) and dentine caries experience (OR 3.2, CI 2.6-3.9) at 5 years of age. Family status and parental education were related to caries development. Conclusion: Children with caries in primary teeth continued to be caries risk children during the mixed dentition period. In addition to dentine caries experience, enamel caries in primary teeth was a predictor for caries development in young permanent teeth and may be used to improve the caries risk assessment.

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“…11 Furthermore, prior work has not supported an association between fluoride exposure and pediatric neurodevelopment. 9,10 Our findings, as they relate to tertiary oral health services, are unexpected, because the development of S-ECC in the US is largely thought to be driven by oral health behaviors, such as preventive dental care, regular toothbrushing, or reducing intake of sugary foods and beverages, [39][40][41][42] The lack of an association between CWF and PQIs suggests that an association between CWF and DGA is unlikely to be related to unobserved local area factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Community Water Fluoridation and Prevalence of Pediatric Dental Surgery Among Medicaid Enrollees

2020

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IMPORTANCE Dental surgery under general anesthesia (DGA) is an ineffective, costly treatment for caries. Interventions to reduce the need for DGA are challenging because children's parents may not seek care until surgery is required. Community water fluoridation (CWF) effectively prevents early childhood caries, but its effectiveness in reducing severe early childhood caries is unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine whether access to CWF is associated with the prevalence of DGA. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This is a cross-sectional analysis of Medicaid claims data from 2011 to 2012. Deidentified data were derived from Medicaid claims and enrollee files for Massachusetts, Texas, Connecticut, Illinois, and Florida for children aged 9 years and younger enrolled in either a fee-for-service or managed care plan through their state's Medicaid program. Linear regression models tested for associations between CWF and covariates. Multivariable linear regression models tested for associations between CWF and outcomes. Regression models included clustered SEs at the county level. Data analysis was performed from December 2018 to March 2020. EXPOSURES Access to CWF was determined by estimating the proportion of a county's total population that had access to a fluoridated public water system. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The main outcome was county-level DGA prevalence. Other outcomes were caries-related visit prevalence and patient quality indicators (asthma and diabetes). Covariates included county-level demographic, socioeconomic, and dental practitioner variables. RESULTS A total of 436 counties within 5 states per year (872 county-year observations), were included in the analysis. Adjusted analysis revealed that a 10% increase in the proportion of county's population access to CWF was associated with lower caries-related visit prevalence (−0.45 percentage points; 95% CI, −0.59 to −0.31 percentage points; P < .001). Increasing CWF access in 10% increments was associated with decreased DGA prevalence in unadjusted analysis (−0.39 percentage points; 95% CI, −0.67 to −0.12 percentage points; P = .006) but not in adjusted analysis (−0.23 percentage points; 95% CI, −0.49 to 0.02 percentage points; P = .07). Increasing the proportion of county's access to CWF by 10% was not associated with the prevalence of asthmarelated exacerbations (−0.02 percentage points; 95% CI, −0.10 to 0.05 percentage points; P = .53) or diabetes-related exacerbations (−0.0003 percentage points; 95% CI, −0.0014 to 0.0009 percentage points; P = .66). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study extends our understanding of CWF's benefits for children's oral health. Specifically, these findings suggest that increasing a population's access to CWF's is associated with decreased caries-related visits and may also be associated with use of dental surgical services within high-risk populations.

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Identification of caries risk in 2‐year‐olds

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Tooth brushing habits and prevalence of early childhood caries: a prospective cohort study

Tooth brushing habits and prevalence of early childhood caries: a prospective cohort study

Do enamel and dentine caries at 5 years of age predict caries development in newly erupted teeth? A prospective longitudinal study

A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Community Water Fluoridation and Prevalence of Pediatric Dental Surgery Among Medicaid Enrollees

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