Identification of cathode stability in Li–CO₂batteries with Cu nanoparticles highly dispersed on N-doped graphene

Abstract

Cu nanoparticles highly dispersed onto N-doped graphene may provide new strategies for designing highly efficient cathodes for Li–CO2batteries.

CuO Nanoplates for High‐Performance Potassium‐Ion Batteries

“…The valences of Cu in the intermediates were identified by XPS. As shown in Figure S8 (Supporting Information), the XPS peaks for Cu2p 1/2 and Cu 2p 3/2 are observed at 951.8 and 932.0 eV without a shake‐up satellite peak, suggesting that the external CuO nanoplates of the electrode have converted to Cu (I) when discharged to 0.7 V. When the electrode discharged to 0.01 V, its two XPS peaks at 951.6 and 931.7 eV are ascribed to metallic Cu (0) . Furthermore, the XPS peaks of the intermediate at fully charged state are centered at 952.2 and 932.3 eV, which are in agreement with Cu2p 1/2 and Cu 2p 3/2 , respectively, of Cu (I) .…”

Reversible Hybrid Aqueous Li−CO2 Batteries with High Energy Density and Formic Acid Production

“…Overall reaction [Eqs. (9) and (10)]: where R is 8.314 JK À1 mol À1 (molar gas constant), T is 298.15 K, n is 2( the number of electrons transferred per mole of product), F is 96485 Cmol À1 (Faraday constant), a is the corresponding activity. The theoretical energy density (ED) of the battery is [Eq.…”

“…[7] The first rechargeable LiÀCO 2 battery with ah ighd ischarge voltage was realized by Zhou and co-workers. [8] Since then, organic Li(Na)ÀCO 2 batteries with variousa dvanced cathode materials have been investigated, including graphene, [9] Cu nanoparticles dispersed on N-dopedg raphene, [10] and Ru/ Ni, [11] for obtaining high energy density,o utput voltage, and durability.H owever,t he limited product selectivity of the CO 2 conversion obstructs its wider application.…”

Wrinkled Perovskite La0.9Mn0.6Ni0.4O3−δ Nanofibers as Highly Efficient Electrocatalyst for Rechargeable Li−O2 Batteries

“…Aiming at the key factors, extensive researches have been devoted to developing various active catalysts, including carbon materials, [1][2][3] precious metals or alloys, [4][5][6] transition metal nitrides [7][8][9] and oxides. [10][11][12] As recently reported in the literatures, [13][14][15][16][17] perovskite oxides (ABO 3 ) have become attractive catalysts with prominent advantages of good ORR/OER activity, low cost, high electrochemical stability and relatively high ionic/electronic conductivity, which previously were widely applied in fuel cells. Particularly, the electrocatalytic activity and ionic/electronic transport of perovskites could be improved by remarkable structure design, doping or substituting elements.…”

“…The reversible formation and decomposition of Li 2 O 2 on the cathode is considered as the most primary factor to affect most of the aforementioned problems, deteriorating the performance of Li−O 2 battery. Aiming at the key factors, extensive researches have been devoted to developing various active catalysts, including carbon materials, precious metals or alloys, transition metal nitrides and oxides …”