Identification of chemoattractant receptors and G-proteins in the vomeronasal system of garter snakes

Luo, Yongquan; Lu, Shajia; Chen, Ping; Wang, D.; Halpern, Mimi

doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)89471-1

Cited by 69 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Other lines of evidence indicate that, at least in some vomeronasal sensory neurons, transduction is mediated by a phosphatidylinositide signaling pathway. Some studies showed that electrical responses, IP 3 production, and calcium entry upon pheromonal stimulation (53,176,177,215,330,397) are specifically blocked by the phospholipase C inhibitor U73122 (115,363). Recently, Thompson et al (377) demonstrated that compounds known to induce pregnancy block (Bruce effect), such as MHC peptides and male urine, also increased the IP 3 formation, confirming a major role of the phosphatidylinositide pathway in the vomeronasal signal transduction.…”

Section: Signal Transduction Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…These include adenylyl cyclase types 2 (19), 4, 5 (184), and 6 (184,319); the subunit CNGA4 of the olfactory cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (19,184); and phosphodiesterase types 1 and 4 (50,183), suggesting that cAMP may play a physiological role in vomeronasal sensory neurons. Indeed, some pheromones induce a reduction of the cAMP level in the gartner snake (215) and in rodents (215,319,424). However, the decrease in cAMP occurs with a longer delay with respect to pheromone stimulation (319).…”

Section: Signal Transduction Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From Pheromones to Behavior

Tirindelli

Dibattista

Pifferi³

et al. 2009

Physiological Reviews

317

255

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In recent years, considerable progress has been achieved in the comprehension of the profound effects of pheromones on reproductive physiology and behavior. Pheromones have been classified as molecules released by individuals and responsible for the elicitation of specific behavioral expressions in members of the same species. These signaling molecules, often chemically unrelated, are contained in body fluids like urine, sweat, specialized exocrine glands, and mucous secretions of genitals. The standard view of pheromone sensing was based on the assumption that most mammals have two separated olfactory systems with different functional roles: the main olfactory system for recognizing conventional odorant molecules and the vomeronasal system specifically dedicated to the detection of pheromones. However, recent studies have reexamined this traditional interpretation showing that both the main olfactory and the vomeronasal systems are actively involved in pheromonal communication. The current knowledge on the behavioral, physiological, and molecular aspects of pheromone detection in mammals is discussed in this review.

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Section: Signal Transduction Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Signal Transduction Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Pheromones to Behavior

Tirindelli

Dibattista

Pifferi³

et al. 2009

Physiological Reviews

317

255

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…On the basis of previous studies (Burghardt & Pruitt, 1975;Halpern & Frumin, 1979;Luo et al, 1994;Reformato et al, 1983), we would not have expected that 1 snake (Han 6) with complete VN nerve lesion would attack EWWcoated worm bits. In a previous experiment (Luo et al, 1994), we denervated the VN organ in 32 snakes. None of these animals attacked EWW-coated artificial worms or water-coated worms postoperatively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…To test the role of the anterior processes in a behavior known to depend on a functional VN system (prey attack), we used the bioassay that is typically used in biochemistry experiments in our laboratory (Jiang, Inouchi, Wang, & Halpern, 1990; Luo, Lu, Chen, Wang, & Halpern, 1994; D. Wang, Chen, Jiang, & Halpern, 1988).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sublingual plicae (anterior processes) are not necessary for garter snake vomeronasal function.

Halpern

Borghjid²

1997

Journal of Comparative Psychology

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The anterior processes of snakes may transfer odorants from the tongue to the vomeronasal (VN) organ. To test whether the anterior processes are required for a vomeronasally mediated behavior, the authors tested garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis) preoperatively and after cauterization of the anterior processes or control cauterization with artificial earthworms covered with earthworm wash (EWW) or distilled water. Snakes in both groups attacked EWW-covered artificial worms but not controls both pre- and postoperatively. In addition, snakes with anterior processes cauterization or control cauterization tongue flicked 3H-proline. Radioautographs of the VN organs of snakes with and without anterior processes were indistinguishable: Snakes in both groups had reduced silver grains over the VN sensory epithelium as had been reported previously with intact snakes. These findings indicate that the anterior processes are unnecessary both for a behavior known to require a functional VN system and for delivery of odorants to the VN organ.

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“…Some cells of the OE of turtles have also been shown to express TRPC2 and the CNG channel (299,300). The OS of snakes comprise ciliated (main OE) and microvillous [VNO (301,302)] receptor neurons that express Ga olf and Ga o /Ga i , respectively (303,304). Snake microvillous receptor neurons have been shown to express members of the V2R gene family (24,305).…”

Section: Transduction Mechanisms In Receptor Neurons Of Other Vertebrate Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principles of odor coding in vertebrates and artificial chemosensory systems

Manzini

Schild

Natale

2022

Physiological Reviews

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The biological olfactory system is the sensory system responsible for the detection of the chemical composition of the environment. Several attempts to mimic biological olfactory systems have led to various artificial olfactory systems using different technical approaches. Here we provide a parallel description of biological olfactory systems and their technical counterparts. We start with a presentation of the input to the systems, the stimuli, and treat the interface between the external world and the environment where receptor neurons or artificial chemosensors reside. We then delineate the functions of receptor neurons and chemosensors as well as their overall I-O relationships. Up to this point, our account of the systems goes along similar lines. The next processing steps differ considerably: while in biology the processing step following the receptor neurons is the "integration" and "processing" of receptor neuron outputs in the olfactory bulb, this step has various realizations in electronic noses. For a long period of time, the signal processing stages beyond the olfactory bulb, i.e., the higher olfactory centers were little studied. Only recently there has been a marked growth of studies tackling the information processing in these centers. In electronic noses, a third stage of processing has virtually never been considered. In this review, we provide an up-to-date overview of the current knowledge of both fields and, for the first time, attempt to tie them together. We hope it will be a breeding ground for better information, communication, and data exchange between very related but so far little connected fields.

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Identification of chemoattractant receptors and G-proteins in the vomeronasal system of garter snakes

Cited by 69 publications

References 61 publications

From Pheromones to Behavior

From Pheromones to Behavior

Sublingual plicae (anterior processes) are not necessary for garter snake vomeronasal function.

Principles of odor coding in vertebrates and artificial chemosensory systems

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