Identification of chlorophyll derivatives by mass spectrometry

Breemen, Richard B. van; Canjura, Fatima L.; Schwartz, Steven J.

doi:10.1021/jf00008a018

Cited by 82 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…1 ) showed that signals from polar constituents, such as chlorophyll and phospholipids, dominated the spectrum and suppressed the TAG signals. Due to the preferential ionization of chlorophyll a and the fact that the signal overlaps with certain TAG species, even a small amount of chlorophyll a in the algae extracts could suppress TAG signals ( 6,38,39 ). While 1 H NMR analysis indicated that <5% of chlorophyll was present in the sample (supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triacylglycerol profiling of marine microalgae by mass spectrometry

Danielewicz

Anderson

Franz

2011

Journal of Lipid Research

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ingly important. The methods and pursuit of algae-based fuels also have applications for bioactive lipids and highvalue, lipid-based chemical precursors ( 4,5 ), including polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), carotenes, antioxidants, vitamins, and pigments, which have applications in the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and food industries. In all such applications, the methods of analysis, access to desired composition, total yield, and effi ciency with which lipids can be converted to usable products will be the ultimate determinants of industrial success.Previous analysis of algae lipid composition using GC/MS and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS) has shown a broad variety of lipid classes: glycerolipids, such as monogalactosyl-diacylglycerol (MGDG) and digalactosyl-diacylglycerol (DGDG); phospholipids, such as phosphatidylcholine (PC); and neutral lipids (triacylglycerols) ( 6-9 ). Many reports have focused on the analysis of polar lipids, but TAG analysis and composition have become increasingly important for biofuel applications. TAG analysis of mixed samples remains a challenge because of its lower ionization efficiency relative to polar lipids (such as phospholipids) ( 10 ). Analysis of neutral lipids in microalgae often relies on lipophilic fl uorescence and colorimetric assays ( 11, 12 ); however, these assays do not provide compositional TAG characterization. Compositional analysis of microalgal TAG primarily involves the initial separation of extracts using either liquid chromatography or thin-layer chromatography followed by MS analysis or derivatization of extracts, such as transesterifi cation, followed by analysis of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) by GC/MS ( 13-15 ). The direct analysis of algal triacylglycerol using pyrolysis GC/MS has been reported as a promising alternative, but the purchase of specialty equipment and use of higher temperature ranges may limit the broad utility of this method ( 16,17 ).Herein, we describe the compositional analysis of intact triacylglycerol of oleaginous marine algae using MALDI-TOF MS. MALDI-TOF provides a direct method Abstract We present a method for the determination of triacylglycerol (TAG) profi les of oleaginous saltwater microalgae relevant for the production of biofuels, bioactive lipids, and high-value lipid-based chemical precursors. We describe a technique to remove chlorophyll using quick, simple solid phase extraction (SPE) and directly compare the intact TAG composition of four microalgae species ( Phaeodactylum tricornutum , Nannochloropsis salina , Nannochloropsis oculata , and Microalgae have been identifi ed as an attractive source for the production of biofuels in addition to bioactive lipids and high-value, lipid-based chemical precursors based on their ability to produce 20% or more of their mass as oil. Due to the conversion of triacylglycerols (TAG) to fatty acid alkyl esters for use as biodiesel ( 1, 2 ), current research has focused on TAG production and analysis to make biofuels from microalgae a more economically feasible option ( 3 )....

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triacylglycerol profiling of marine microalgae by mass spectrometry

Danielewicz

Anderson

Franz

2011

Journal of Lipid Research

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“…Pheophytins (a and b) were synthesized from the collected fractions of chlorophylls (a and b) by dropwise addition of 1.0 M HCl (Breemen, Canjura, & Schwartz, 1991;Schwartz et al, 1981). Conversion was completed in approximately 2 h in the dark presenting a change of color from green to olive brown.…”

Section: Preparation Of Pigment Standardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant activity of chlorophylls and their derivatives

Lanfer-Marquez

Barros

Sinnecker

2005

Food Research International

380

232

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“…Various methods for the analysis of chlorophylls in vegetables are present in the literature, but only a few are relative to the detection of these pigments in olive oils (Mangos & Berger, 1997;Van Breemen, Canjura, & Schwartz, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%