Identification of Cryptosporidium Species Infecting Humans in Tunisia

Mousli, Mohamed; Karim, Abdul; Abdelmalek, R.; Mellouli, Fethi; Kanoun, F.; Derouin, Francis; Bouratbine, A.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2008.79.702

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…However, five asymptomatic cases, all in children, have also been described. 13,18 These asymptomatic cases suggest that the actual number of C. meleagridis infections may be higher than reported.…”

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 40%

Cryptosporidium meleagridis: Infectivity in Healthy Adult Volunteers

Chappell¹,

Okhuysen²,

Langer-Curry³

et al. 2011

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Most Cryptosporidium infections in humans are caused by C. parvum or C. hominis. However, genotyping techniques have identified infections caused by unusual Cryptosporidium species. Cryptosporidium meleagridis has been identified in ≤ 1% of persons with diarrhea, although prevalence is higher in developing nations. We examined the infectivity of C. meleagridis in healthy adults. Five volunteers were challenged with 105 C. meleagridis oocysts and monitored six weeks for fecal oocysts and clinical manifestations. Four volunteers had diarrhea; three had detectable fecal oocysts; and one infected volunteer remained asymptomatic. Fecal DNA from two volunteers was amplified by using a polymerase chain reaction specific for the Cryptosporidium small subunit ribosomal RNA gene. Nucleotide sequence of these amplicons was diagnostic for C. meleagridis. All infections were self-limited; oocysts were cleared within ≤ 12 days of challenge. These studies establish that healthy adults can be infected and become ill from ingestion of C. meleagridis oocysts.

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Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 40%

Cryptosporidium meleagridis: Infectivity in Healthy Adult Volunteers

Chappell¹,

Okhuysen²,

Langer-Curry³

et al. 2011

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…The presence of subtype IIIgA22G3R1 in wild and farmed birds in this study suggests circulation of parasites between wild and domestic animals. Due to the lack of gp60 subtyping on human cryptosporidiosis in North Africa, it is not known if the C. meleagridis subtypes reported in the present study are associated with human disease, although infections by this species has been previously reported in Tunisia (Essid et al 2008, Rahmouni et al 2014.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Cryptosporidium meleagridis and C. baileyi (Apicomplexa) in domestic and wild birds in Algeria

et al. 2017

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A total of 345 faecal samples were collected from domestic, captive and wild birds in rural areas, urban areas and a Zoo in Algeria. Samples were screened for the presence of parasites belonging to the genus Cryptosporidium Tyzzer, 1910 by microscopy and PCR analysis of the small-subunit rRNA (SSU), actin and 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) genes. Cryptosporidium spp. were detected in 31 samples. Sequence analysis of SSU and actin genes revealed the presence of C. baileyi Current, Upton et Haynes, 1986 in domestic chicken broilers (n = 12), captive ostriches (n = 4) and a wild mallard (n = 1), and C. meleagridis Slavin, 1955 in a graylag goose (n = 1), chickens (n = 11) and turkeys (n = 2). Twenty-three chicken and two turkey broilers from five farms were positive for cryptosporidia, with an overall prevalence of 2% and 6%, respectively. Both C. meleagridis and C. baileyi were detected in farmed chicken broilers, with a prevalence ranging from 9% to 69%. Farmed turkeys broilers were positive only for C. meleagridis, with a 13% prevalence at the animal level. Subtyping of C. meleagridis isolates at the gp60 locus showed the presence of subtype IIIgA22G3R1 in graylag goose and chicken broilers and IIIgA23G2R1 in chicken and turkey broilers. Infection with cryptosporidia was not associated with any clinical diseases. The results of the present study, which provides the first data on the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in wild birds in Africa, demonstrate the presence of human pathogenic C. meleagridis in both domestic and wild birds in Algeria.

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“…isolates in Tunisia, insofar as the cattle species Cryptosporidium parvum and the avian species Cryptosporidium meleagridis were identified in human cryptosporidiosis. 23 In conclusion, this study first complements the limited data available on the prevalence of Blastocystis sp. in Maghreb countries.…”

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confidence: 79%

Prevalence and Subtype Identification of Blastocystis sp. in Healthy Individuals in the Tunis Area, Tunisia

Abda¹,

Maatoug²,

Romdhane³

et al. 2017

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Blastocystis sp. is currently the most common eukaryotic parasite found in humans. Despite its potential public health impact, epidemiological data regarding its prevalence and molecular subtype (ST) distribution in Maghreb are rarely reported. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of the parasite in a cohort of healthy food handler Tunisian individuals and to acquire the first molecular data regarding the distribution of Blastocystis sp. STs in this country. Therefore, 524 fecal samples were collected, and 68 of them (13%) were identified as positive for the parasite by direct-light microscopy of smears. Seventeen samples of 100 negative by microscopy were also shown to be positive by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Among all the positive samples, 61 Blastocystis isolates were subtyped using partial small subunit ribosomal RNA gene analysis. ST3 was the most abundant (51%) followed by ST1 (30%), ST2 (16%), and ST4 and ST7 (both 1.6%).Blastocystis sp. is a parasite inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract of humans and a wide range of animals. This singlecelled eukaryote is currently the most prevalent protozoa found in human fecal samples with a worldwide distribution.

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Identification of Cryptosporidium Species Infecting Humans in Tunisia

Cited by 25 publications

References 13 publications

Cryptosporidium meleagridis: Infectivity in Healthy Adult Volunteers

Cryptosporidium meleagridis: Infectivity in Healthy Adult Volunteers

Cryptosporidium meleagridis and C. baileyi (Apicomplexa) in domestic and wild birds in Algeria

Prevalence and Subtype Identification of Blastocystis sp. in Healthy Individuals in the Tunis Area, Tunisia

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