Identification of Curvature Radius for Curved Sections on Forest Roads in the Process of Utilisation

Abstract

This article reviews the problem of measuring the actual radius of curvature for curved sections of existing forest roads, as forestry enterprises require reliable technical information about the current conditions of operated transport networks. It was identified that at this moment, a selection of methods are used for measuring the radii of horizontal curved sections of roads, which have certain advantages and disadvantages in specific natural production conditions. For calculating the radius of curvature for auto forest road projects it is recommended to apply the method of measured angles by chord angle deviation, which is sufficiently accurate for engineering purposes and does not require usage of special high-precision equipment and tools.

Changes in Soil’s Chemical and Biochemical Properties Induced by Road Geometry in the Hyrcanian Temperate Forests

“…RG was mentioned as an important criterion in road network planning and assessment [37][38][39][40]; yet, the interactions of RG and adjacent forest stands have rarely been understood. Our results showed a strong correlation between RG and environmental conditions such as changes in canopy cover, soil temperature, litter layer, and pH.…”

“…In addition, variability in road geometry (RG) can lead to different amounts of earthwork, affecting the forest soil in the surrounding area. Since we still need to construct new roads for both utilizing and protecting forest stands, attempts are being made in forest road planning and assessment to achieve a well-organized road network with minimum negative impacts by considering technical, economic, and environmental criteria [37][38][39][40]. However, to the best of our knowledge, there has not been any study regarding the effect of a forest road on soil enzyme activity, and there was no attempt to quantify the ecological effects of RG on the forest soil.…”