Identification of Debonding Damage at Spar Cap-Shear Web Joints by Artificial Neural Network Using Natural Frequency Relevant Key Features of Composite Wind Turbine Blades

Abstract

As the size and weight of blades increase with the recent trend toward larger wind turbines, it is important to ensure the structural integrity of the blades. For this reason, the blade consists of an upper and lower skin that receives the load directly, a shear web that supports the two skins, and a spar cap that connects the skin and the shear web. Loads generated during the operation of the wind turbine can cause debonding damage on the spar cap-shear web joints. This may change the structural stiffness of the blade and lead to a lack of integrity; therefore, it would be beneficial to be able to identify possible damage in advance. In this paper we present a model to identify debonding damage based on natural frequency. This was carried out by modeling 1105 different debonding damages, which were classified by configuration type, location, and length. After that, the natural frequencies, due to the debonding damage of the blades, were obtained through modal analysis using FE analysis. Finally, an artificial neural network was used to study the relationship between debonding damage and the natural frequencies.

An Innovative Structural Damage Detection System for Preventive Maintenance of Wind Turbines

“…If damage occurs on a structural component, it affects the dynamic parameters (vibration periods, damping ratios, and mode shapes) of the system [5,6]. The deviation in natural periods is an important indicator of possible damage, but its location and extent can only be determined by monitoring the corresponding variation in mode shapes [28].…”