Identification of deoxynivalenol, 3‐acetyldeoxynivalenol, and zearalenone in galactose oxidase‐producing isolates of <i>Fusarium graminearum</i>

Wilbert, Fabricie Marcele; Kemmelmeier, Carlos

doi:10.1002/jobm.200390015

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The TLC detection limit is 0.3 µg aflatoxin /kg and the results were expressed as µg/kg of sample. DON and ZEA were determined by a multimycotoxin TLC screen method as described by Dutton and Westlake 4 , except that plates were developed and viewed using a method described in Wilbert and Kemmelmeier 34 .…”

Section: Assay Of Aflatoxins Fumonisins Deoxynivalenol (Don) and Zementioning

confidence: 99%

The Microbial Contamination, Toxicity and Quality of Turned and Unturned Outdoor Floor Malted Sorghum

Lefyedi

Marais

Dutton³

et al. 2005

Journal of the Institute of Brewing

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Turned and unturned outdoor floor malted sorghum were studied for their total microbial contamination, nature and extent of contamination by moulds, cytotoxicity (IC 50 ) and quality in terms of diastatic power (DP). The presence of aflatoxins, fumonisins, deoxynivalenol and zearalenone were also investigated. Total microbial counts were high (10 7 -10 8 cfu /g) in both turned and unturned samples. All samples showed contamination by different moulds, with the dominant being Mucor species, Rhizopus oryzae, Fusarium moniliforme and Phoma sorghina as well as Aspergillus flavus and Alternaria alternata. The latter four are known for producing mycotoxins. Malt samples had very low cytotoxicity (IC 50 from 62.5 to >1000 kg/kg), though all contained fumonisins, deoxynivalenol and zearalenone at levels of < 0.25-2 µg/g, 15-20 and 10-15 µg/kg, respectively. Malt DP was generally lower in turned samples compared to unturned samples probably because the heat conserved in the latter ensured better germination conditions. Overall, turning during germination did not affect the microbial load, mould population and levels of deoxynivalenol and zearalenone in sorghum malt but decreased sorghum malt DP. Thus, alternative methods of controlling the sorghum malt microbial load should be sought.

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Section: Assay Of Aflatoxins Fumonisins Deoxynivalenol (Don) and Zementioning

confidence: 99%

The Microbial Contamination, Toxicity and Quality of Turned and Unturned Outdoor Floor Malted Sorghum

Lefyedi

Marais

Dutton³

et al. 2005

Journal of the Institute of Brewing

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“…Owing to the toxic effects and financial losses caused by ZEA and to the fungitoxic potential of neem extract, current research verifies, through the in vitro method, whether neem oil extract reduces ZEA production by F. graminearum. ZEA was produced by the isolate of F. graminearum UEL 2118, producer of ZEA, and other mycotoxins(21), stored in Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) in the fungus collection at the Laboratory of Chemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms of the Biochemistry Department of the State University of Maringá, Maringá PR Brazil. The isolate was first grown in a Geraldo, M.RF.…”

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confidence: 99%

The neem [Azadirachta indica a: juss (meliaceae)] oil reduction in the in vitro production of zearalenone by Fusarium graminearum

Geraldo

Costa²,

Arrotéia³

et al. 2011

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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Zearalenone, a mycotoxin produced by fungi of the genus Fusarium, including F. graminearum, triggers reproduction disorders in certain animals and hyperestrogen syndromes in humans. Current research investigates three concentrations of neem oil extract (0.1, 0.25 and 0.5%) in reducing the production of zearalenone. Neem oil extract decreased zearalenone amount in the three concentrations but highest inhibition (59.05%) occurred at 0.1%

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“…Microarray technology, one of them, permits the comparison of thousands of genes in different biological systems. Lately, microarray system has been used for the prediction of toxicity through gene expression induced toxicant [15,18] and has shown that compounds with similar toxic mechanisms produce similar changes in gene expression in vivo [5] and in vitro system [2]. As these results, many pharmaceutical companies and research groups are making databases of gene expression related to toxic mechanism induced by compounds that were well characterized.…”

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confidence: 99%

Gene Expression Analysis of Peroxisome Proliferators- and Phenytoin-Induced Hepatotoxicity Using cDNA Microarray

Jung

Park

Hwang

et al. 2004

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The recent DNA microarray technology enables us to understand a large number of gene expression profiling. The technology has potential possibility to comprehend mechanism of multiple genes were related to compounds which have toxicity in biological system. So, the toxicogenomics through this technology may be very powerful for understanding the effect of unknown toxic mechanisms in biological system. We have studied that the effect of compounds related to hepatotoxin in vivo system using DNA microarray and classified chemicals which have been well characterized. We have studied three compounds; 2 peroxisome proliferators: Clofibrate (ethyl-p-chlorophenoxyisobutyrate), gemfibrozil (5-2[2,5-dimethyl-phenoxy]2-2-dimethyl-pentanonic), and an antiepileptic drug: phenytoin (5,5-diphenylhydantoin). Male Sprague-Dawely VAF + albino rats of 5-6 weeks old were treated with each compound for 24 hr and 2 weeks. 4.8 K cDNA microarray in house has been used for gene expression profiling. We found that the clustering of gene expression had similarity like as the toxic phenotype of compounds. KEY WORDS: gene expression, microarray, peroxisome proliferators, phenytoin, toxicogenomics.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 66(11): 1329-1333, 2004 We are gaining information of numerous candidate genes that have been known and unknown their function in biological system through many projects has been done and are processing. Many techniques that are able to analyze many genes and proteins simultaneously in once are used to interpret the information. Microarray technology, one of them, permits the comparison of thousands of genes in different biological systems. Lately, microarray system has been used for the prediction of toxicity through gene expression induced toxicant [15,18] and has shown that compounds with similar toxic mechanisms produce similar changes in gene expression in vivo [5] and in vitro system [2]. As these results, many pharmaceutical companies and research groups are making databases of gene expression related to toxic mechanism induced by compounds that were well characterized. These collected databases of microarray associated with toxicity will shorten the toxicity evaluation steps that are often the rate-limiting step in the discovery and development of new pharmaceuticals.In this study, we have used cDNA microarray methods for analysis of the effect of 3 compounds related to hepatotoxin including 2 peroxisome proliferators: clofibrate (ethyl-p-chlorophenoxyisobutyrate), gemfibrozil (5-2[2, 5-dimethyl-phenoxy] 2-2-dimethyl-pentanonic), and an antiepileptic drug: phenytoin (5, 5-diphenylhydantoin). The peroxisome proliferators have been studied in many toxic study groups because most of peroxisome proliferators have hepatic toxicity. It has been shown that peroxisome proliferator activated receptors play a significant role in regulation of lipid metabolism, hepatic peroxisomal genes expression, insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis [8,9]. Also, it was known that phenytoin is an anticonvulsant and cardiac depressan...

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Identification of deoxynivalenol, 3‐acetyldeoxynivalenol, and zearalenone in galactose oxidase‐producing isolates of Fusarium graminearum

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

The Microbial Contamination, Toxicity and Quality of Turned and Unturned Outdoor Floor Malted Sorghum

The Microbial Contamination, Toxicity and Quality of Turned and Unturned Outdoor Floor Malted Sorghum

The neem [Azadirachta indica a: juss (meliaceae)] oil reduction in the in vitro production of zearalenone by Fusarium graminearum

Gene Expression Analysis of Peroxisome Proliferators- and Phenytoin-Induced Hepatotoxicity Using cDNA Microarray

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