Identification of Depression Among Elderly During COVID-19

Abstract

Elderly population is increasing, while the world has been facing the novel coronavirus (COVID-19), which causes a greater adverse impact among older population in various aspects of their lives, such as depression, daily routine disruption, illness, and social and emotional issues. The purpose of this study was to assess the elderly’s depression during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the risk factors including socio-demographic, physical and psychosocial conditions, as well as family support. The method used was cross-sectional design, with a total sampling of 457 participants. The measuring instruments used were ADL (Activities of Daily Living Scale) and IADL (Lowton and Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale) for physical activities assessment, APGAR (Adaptability, Participation, Growth, Affection, Resolution) for family support function assessment, and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) for depression level measurement, with additional questions for psychosocial assessment. 212 elderlies (46.4%) were found with no depression tendency, 183 elderlies (40%) had a tendency of depression, and 62 elderlies (13.6%) had depression. These depression issues were significantly linked to retirement and income among elderly, dependency, fitness and health status, family and social support, and sources of funds. In the presence of depression, control measures for social, health, and psychosocial support must be implemented in order to minimize its impact among the elderly.

Elderly Problems During COVID-19: A Narrative Review

“…A significant amount of the variance in depression was explained by a lack of optimism and social support (29%). A significantly lower rate of depression (14%) was reported in another study based on the Geriatric Depression Scale (Kurniawidjaja et al, 2022). However, an additional 40% reported a "tendency for depression".…”

Gejala Depresi pada Lanjut Usia di Masa Pandemi Covid-19

“…Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan untuk mengukur gejala depresi pada lansia yaitu instrumen penelitian yang sudah valid dan reliabel. Pada (Aihara & Kiyoshi, 2021;Alhalaseh et al, 2022;Kurniawidjaja et al, 2022;Lage et al, 2021;Mistry, Ali, Hossain, et al, 2021;Quispe Saenz et al, 2021), empat penelitian menggunakan Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) (Kwan, Lee, Cheung, & Lam, 2021;Li et al, 2021;Pereira-Ávila et al, 2021;Yan, Du, Lai, Ren, & Li, 2022) sedangkan sisanya menggunakan instrument valid lainnya. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah lansia yang berusia 60 tahun ke atas.…”

“…Hal ini juga berdampak pada lansia itu sendiri, dimana melihat anak dan keluarga yang tidak bekerja menyebabkan lansia merasa stress dengan keadaan tersebut (Krisnatuti & Latifah, 2021). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, mendapatkan pengasilan atau income merupakan faktor yang dapat memproteksi lansia memiliki gejala depresi (Kurniawidjaja et al, 2022;Pereira-Ávila et al, 2021). Di masa krisis ekonomi saat pandemi, mendapatkan bantuan berupa bantuan langsung tunai atau sembako sangat membantu masyarakat dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar manusia.…”

Analisis Faktor Risiko Covid-19 Pada Pekerja Perkantoran Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Dki Jakarta

“…Hal ini sejalan dengan CDC (2021) yang menyebutkan kondisi medis tertentu meningkatkan risiko COVID-19, dan dalam hasil yang lain juga menyatakan kondisi medis tertentu menurunkan imunitas dan berisiko tertular COVID-19. Kondisi kesehatan merupakan salah satu faktor yang berkaitan dengan depresi pada usia yang lebih tua di masa pandemi COVID-19 (Kurniawidjaja et al, 2022).…”