Identification of differentially expressed miRNAs in the fatty liver of Landes goose (Anser anser)

Abstract

Unlike mammals, in palmipedes de novo lipogenesis from diet takes place mostly in the liver. The French Landes Goose is famous for its high capacity and susceptibility to fatty liver production. While miRNAs play a critical role in the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression, miRNAs that are involved in the regulation of goose hepatic steatosis have yet to be elucidated. Using high-throughput sequencing, we analyzed miRNAs expression profile of Landes goose liver after overfeeding for 21 days. Aan-miR-122-5p was the most frequently sequenced known miRNA, but it was unchanged after overfeeding. Compared with normal liver, we identified that 16 conserved miRNAs were up-regulated while the other 9 conserved miRNAs were down-regulated in fatty livers. Many of their predicted target genes played key roles in metabolic pathways leading to the development of hepatic steatosis in the goose by KEGG pathways analysis. ACSL1 and ELOVL6 were critical genes in hepatic lipid metabolism and had opposite expression patterns with aan-miR-203a and aan-miR-125b-5p, respectively. And we validated that aan-miR-203a and aan-miR-125b-5p might involve in the regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism by targeting ACSL1 and ELOVL6, respectively. These results add to our current understanding of the regulation network in goose lipid metabolism.

Evaluation of the Effects of Pre-Slaughter High-Frequency Electrical Stunning Current Intensities on Lipid Oxidative Stability and Antioxidant Capacity in the Liver of Yangzhou Goose (Anser cygnoides domesticus)

“…Meat goose liver is popular in China in a variety of dishes (e.g., stewed livers, fried livers, etc.). The meat goose liver is different from foie gras (also called fatty liver), which is produced mainly by overfeeding of Landes geese [2]. The meat goose liver is cheaper than foie gras; therefore, ordinary people in developing countries like China can afford it.…”

“…Geese were slaughtered without stunning (the control) or after ES for 10 s with alternating current (AC) at 500 Hz in water bath which combined either with 30 V/20 mA (E30V), 60 V/40 mA (E60V), 90 V/70 mA (E90V) or with 120 V/100 mA (E120V). Data are presented as means ± SEM (standard error of the mean) 2. d 0: goose liver was immediately stored at −20 ± 1 • C after slaughter; d 2 and d 4: goose livers stored at 4 ± 0.5 • C for two days (48 h) and four days (96 h).…”

A Serum Metabolic Profiling Analysis During the Formation of Fatty Liver in Landes Geese via Gc-tof/ms

“…Different aspects of the development of liver steatosis in Landes geese have been studied under experimental conditions [5,9,27,28]. So far, however, the serum metabolic mechanism in this process has not been clari ed.…”

Exploring the genetic basis of fatty liver development in geese

“…Earlier studies on transcriptional or posttranscriptional regulation in overfed geese have attempted to reveal the biological mechanisms leading to fatty liver formation 3,17,18 . By comparing the transcriptome profiles of geese with and without overfeeding, significant increases in expression levels of genes involved in lipid synthesis (such as DGAT2, FASN, or ELOVL6) were detected; the altered expression levels resulted in excessive short-term lipid synthesis 3 .…”

“…Meanwhile, suppression of genes functioning in lipid transportation and secretion, including APOB, was also observed. A recent study on miRNAs targeting LPL and ELOVL6 in overfed geese indicated posttranscriptional regulation of genes associated with lipid metabolism 3,17 . In addition to genes related to lipid metabolism, downregulated genes involved in complementary systems were detected at 19 days in overfed geese.…”