Malaysian honey is rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds, which can be a
healthy alternative to refined sugar in food production. However, liquid
honey’s viscous and sticky nature makes it unpreferable in industrial
handling. This study, an atomization system coupled with vacuum drying to
produce honey powders to overcome the problem. Three types of Malaysian honey,
namely Acacia, Gelam, and Tualang, were encapsulated in Ca-alginate gel beads
using the atomization system. The density viscosity, and surface tension of the
honey-alginate solutions were measured, and the concentration of honey and
alginate influenced the physical properties of the solutions. Honey-encapsulated
gel beads in the size range of 2.16-2.92 mm were produced using the atomization
system with the air-liquid mass flow rate ratios of 0.22-0.31, Weber number
(We) of 112-545, and Ohnersorges number
(Oh) of 0.35-10.46. Gel bead diameter can be predicted
using a simple mathematical model. After vacuum drying, the honey gel powder
produced was in the size range of 1.50-1.79 mm. Results showed that honey gel
powders with good encapsulation efficiency and high honey loading could be
produced using the atomization system and vacuum drying.