Identification of essential oils with strong activity against stationary phase uropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i>

Xiao, Shuzhen; Cui, Peng; Shi, Wanliang; Zhang, Ying

doi:10.1101/702951

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…More importantly, Bandit "Thieves", Health shield, Allspice, Amyris, Palmarosa were first reported in this study to have activity against both growing and non-growing stationary phase S. aureus. Compared with our previous work on activity of essential oils against stationary phase E. coli, some essential oils including Cinnamon bark, Oregano, Bandit "Thieves", Health shield and Allspice exhibited outstanding activity against both Gram-positive S. aureus and Gram-negative E. coli [29], while it seems that Thyme white, Lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus), Amyris, Palmarosa just showed high activity against S. aureus [29], while Cinnamon leaf, Clove bud and Syzygium aromaticum were only active against E. coli [29]. Moreover, although some studies indicate that certain active essential oils including their main active components such as carvacrol or eugenol could induce membrane damage by causing loss of cellular contents [15,30,31], there are limited studies available that focus on the active components and the mechanisms of antimicrobial action of essential oils in general.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

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Identification of essential oils with activity against stationary phase Staphylococcus aureus

Xiao

Cui

Shi

et al. 2020

BMC Complement Med Ther

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Background Staphylococcus aureus is the most dominant human pathogen, responsible for a variety of chronic and severe infections. There is mounting evidence that persisters are associated with treatment failure and relapse of persistent infections. While some essential oils were reported to have antimicrobial activity against growing S. aureus, activity of essential oils against the stationary phase S. aureus enriched in persisters has not been investigated. Methods In this study, we evaluated the activity of 143 essential oils against both growing and stationary phase S. aureus by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) testing and by colony forming unit assay. Results We identified 39 essential oils (Oregano, Cinnamon bark, Thyme white, Bandit “Thieves”, Lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus), Sandalwood oil, Health shield, Allspice, Amyris, Palmarosa, Cinnamon leaf, Clove bud, Citronella, Geranium bourbon, Marjoram, Peppermint, Lemongrass, Cornmint, Elemi, Ho wood, Head ease, Lemon eucalyptus, Litsea cubeba, Myrrh, Parsley seed, Coriander oil, Dillweed, Hyssop, Neroli, Rosewood oil, Tea tree, Cajeput, Clove bud, Lavender, Sleep tight, Vetiver, Palo santo, Sage oil, Yarrow) at 0.5% (v/v) concentration, 10 essential oils (Cinnamon bark, Oregano, Thyme white, Bandit “Thieves”, Lemongrass, Sandalwood oil, Health shield, Allspice, Amyris, Palmarosa at 0.25% (v/v) concentration, and 7 essential oils (Oregano, Cinnamon bark, Thyme white, Lemongrass, Allspice, Amyris, Palmarosa at 0.125% (v/v) concentration to have high activity against stationary phase S. aureus with no visible growth on agar plates after five-day exposure. Among the 10 essential oils which showed high activity at 0.25% (v/v) concentration, 9 (Oregano, Cinnamon bark, Thyme white, Bandit “Thieves”, Lemongrass, Health shield, Allspice, Palmarosa, Amyris showed higher activity than the known persister drug tosufloxacin, while Sandalwood oil had activity at a higher concentration. In Oregano essential oil combination studies with antibiotics, Oregano plus tosufloxacin (or levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin) and rifampin completely eradicated stationary phase S. aureus cells, but had no apparent enhancement for linezolid, vancomycin, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, azithromycin or gentamicin. Conclusions Our findings indicate that some essential oils have excellent activity against both growing and stationary phase S. aureus. Further studies are needed to identify the active components, evaluate safety, pharmacokinetics, and their activity to eradicate S. aureus infections in vivo.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

“…We thank Rong Quan for help with S. aureus culture. An earlier version of this manuscript was deposited as a preprint at bioRxiv [29].…”

Section: Acknowledgementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of essential oils with activity against stationary phase Staphylococcus aureus

Xiao

Cui

Shi

et al. 2020

BMC Complement Med Ther

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“…Phage therapy and the use of essential oils are most promising treatment options for UTI. Under these premises interaction with the pathogen, and the patient needs to be studied in every detail [ 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli and Resistance Genes in Coliphages from a Small Animal Clinic and in a Patient Dog with Chronic Urinary Tract Infection

et al. 2020

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Antimicrobial resistance is on the rise in certain pathogens that infect pets and their owners. This has raised concerns about the use of antibiotics and the transfer of resistance elements in small animal clinics. We sampled a surgery unit, diagnostic rooms after disinfection, and a dog with chronic urinary tract infection (UTI), in a small animal clinic in Austria, and isolated/characterized phages and Escherichia (E.) coli for antimicrobial resistance, resistance genes and transduction ability. Neither the coliphages nor E. coli were isolated in the 20 samples of the surgery units and diagnostic rooms. From the urinary tract of the dog, we recovered 57 E. coli isolates and 60 coliphages. All of the E. coli isolates were determined as resistant against nalidixic acid, 47 against ampicillin, 34 against sulfonamides, and 33 against streptomycin. No isolate held resistance against tetracycline, trimethoprim, kanamycin, or chloramphenicol. Among the 60 phages, 29 tested positive for one or more resistance gene(s) by PCR, but none was able to transduce it to a laboratory strain or to an E. coli isolated from samples. Nevertheless, six phages out of 60 were able to transduce ampicillin resistance (bla gene) after being grown on a puc19 harboring E. coli strain.

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“…Regarding eucalypt oil, in a study conducted by Anjum et al, SEM analysis confirmed more than 90% reduction in biofilm production by P. mirabilis in catheters with eucalypt oil as compared to those without the oil. Antimicrobial properties were also observed for the other mentioned oils, and according to Xiao et al, oregano oil even showed a higher activity against E. coli than the known drug tosufloxacin, proving the efficacy of these biomolecules.…”

Section: Other Antimicrobial Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, antioxidant polyacrylate possessing side-chain hydroxytyrosol (HTy), a polyphenolic compound extracted from olive oil wastewaters, showed a good scavenging ability and in vitro antibacterial activity against S. epidermidis , while significantly reducing bacterial adhesion compared to the control . However, more tests should be performed in an animal model of CAUTI prior to clinical testing. ,, …”

Section: Other Antimicrobial Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Glance at Antimicrobial Strategies to Prevent Catheter-Associated Medical Infections

et al. 2020

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Urinary and intravascular catheters are two of the most used invasive medical devices; however, microbial colonization of catheter surfaces is responsible for most healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Several antimicrobial-coated catheters are available, but recurrent antibiotic therapy can decrease their potential activity against resistant bacterial strains. The aim of this Review is to question the actual effectiveness of currently used (coated) catheters and describe the progress and promise of alternative antimicrobial coatings. Different strategies have been reviewed with the common goal of preventing biofilm formation on catheters, including release-based approaches using antibiotics, antiseptics, nitric oxide, 5-fluorouracil, and silver as well as contact-killing approaches employing quaternary ammonium compounds, chitosan, antimicrobial peptides, and enzymes. All of these strategies have given proof of antimicrobial efficacy by modifying the physiology of pathogens or disrupting their structural integrity. The aim for synergistic approaches using multitarget processes and the combination of both antifouling and bactericidal properties holds potential for the near future. Despite intensive research in biofilm preventive strategies, laboratorial studies still present some limitations since experimental conditions usually are not the same and also differ from biological conditions encountered when the catheter is inserted in the human body. Consequently, in most cases, the efficacy data obtained from in vitro studies is not properly reflected in the clinical setting. Thus, further well-designed clinical trials and additional cytotoxicity studies are needed to prove the efficacy and safety of the developed antimicrobial strategies in the prevention of biofilm formation at catheter surfaces.

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Identification of essential oils with strong activity against stationary phase uropathogenic Escherichia coli

Cited by 7 publications

References 33 publications

Identification of essential oils with activity against stationary phase Staphylococcus aureus

Identification of essential oils with activity against stationary phase Staphylococcus aureus

Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli and Resistance Genes in Coliphages from a Small Animal Clinic and in a Patient Dog with Chronic Urinary Tract Infection

A Glance at Antimicrobial Strategies to Prevent Catheter-Associated Medical Infections

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