Identification of Factors Involved in Neurogenesis Recovery After Irradiation of the Adult Mouse Subventricular Zone: A Preliminary Study

Abstract

Proteomics -Human Diseases and Protein Functions 328(A) In adult mouse brain, neurons are continuously produced in two restricted regions: the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus and the subventricular zone (SVZ) lining the lateral ventricles (LV). The former produces neurons that functionally integrate into the granular cell layer of the hippocampus, whereas the SVZ produces neuroblasts, which migrate along the rostral migratory stream (RMS) to integrate the olfactory bulbs (OB) and differentiate into interneurons. (B) The SVZ is an highly organized neurogenic area which contains three cell types of neural cells: neural stem cells (NSCs), transit-amplifying progenitors (TAPs) and neuroblasts. Ependymal cells that contact the NSCs are organized as a single layer of epithelial cells separating the SVZ from the ventricles. (C) NSCs are defined as slow dividing cells having capacities to self-renew and to generate multiple cell types (neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes). NSCs give rise to highly proliferating TAPs, which differentiate mostly in neuroblasts. NSCs are also able to produce oligodendrocytes and astrocytes according to development stages, in response to brain injury or in vitro conditions. The length of the cell cycle for NSCs and TAPs lasts 22 days and 12 h, respectively (Doetsch, et al.,1999, Morshead, et al.,1994. BV (blood vessel).