Identification of Fluorenones in Wilmington Petroleum by Gas-Liquid Chromatography and Spectrometry.

Latham, D. R.; Ferrin, C. R.; Ball, J.S.

doi:10.1021/ac60183a004

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Other aromatic ketones, such as tetralones, acetonaphthones, dihydrophenanthrenones, benzophenones, fluorenones, fluorenyl formaldehydes, anthrones, anthracene formaldehydes, acetylanthracenes, acetylphenanthrenes, acetylfluorenes, and benzofluorenones, were also identified by GC–MS. Indanones and acetonaphthones have been identified in coal tar, and cyclopentenones, tetralones, fluorenones, and benzofluorenones have also been found in other fossil fuels, such as bio-oil, shale oil, ,,, crude oil, ,, and oil sand bitumens. , Several tricyclic diterpenoids (marked with K and J in Figure ) and steroid ketones (marked with F) were tentatively identified in the coal tar by extracting the characteristic mass fragment m / z 300, 298, and 288, respectively. Mass spectra of compounds F and J are shown in Figure S6 of the Supporting Information.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results indicate that the Girard T derivatives of ketones with a low molecular condensation degree are easily hydrolyzed, even in neutral aqueous solution. fluorenes, and benzofluorenones, were also identified by GC− MS. Indanones and acetonaphthones have been identified in coal tar, 13 and cyclopentenones, tetralones, fluorenones, and benzofluorenones have also been found in other fossil fuels, such as bio-oil, 53 shale oil, 21,28,31,34 crude oil, 26,29,54 and oil sand bitumens. 55,56 Several tricyclic diterpenoids (marked with K and J in Figure 5) and steroid ketones (marked with F) were tentatively identified in the coal tar by extracting the characteristic mass fragment m/z 300, 298, and 288, respectively.…”

Section: Molecular Composition Of Ketones In the Coalmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Separation and Molecular Characterization of Ketones in a Low-Temperature Coal Tar

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ketones are major oxygen-containing compounds in low-temperature coal tars (LTCTs); however, the molecular composition of these compounds is not well characterized as a result of the complexity of itself and the interference of the coal tar matrix. In this study, ketones were separated from a LTCT and characterized by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), Orbitrap mass spectrometry (Orbitrap MS), and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Isolation of ketones was carried out by a chemical derivatization process with Girard T reagent and followed by a hydrolysis process of the derivatives. The Girard T reagent reacted with ketones under weakly acidic conditions and introduced a charged quaternary ammonium moiety on carbonyl to form water-soluble hydrazones, which can be separated from a complex matrix through an extrography separation and have a strong response in a positive-ion electrospray ionization (ESI) source for mass spectrometric analysis. The isolated derivatives were reversibly turned into the original ketones to selectively separate long alkyl ketones from aromatic ketones with alkyl substituents of C0–C4. The ketones were assigned to 12 class species by high-resolution MS analysis: O1–5 (refers that there are 1–5 oxygen atoms in the molecules), O1S1, N1O1–4, and N2O1–2, among which the O1 class species was the most abundant. The long-chain alkyl ketones, such as aliphatic 2-, 3-, and 4-ketones, alkylcyclopentanones, alkyl phenyl ketones, and aromatic ketones (such as indanone, cyclopentenone, tetralone, acetonaphthone, dihydrophenanthrenone, benzophenone, fluorenone, fluorenyl formaldehyde, anthrone, anthracene formaldehyde, acetylanthracene, acetylphenanthrene, acetylfluorene, benzofluorenone, etc.), were detected by GC–MS. In addition, C18-isoprenoid methyl ketone and tricyclic terpenoids and steroids with one or two oxygen atoms were found in the coal tar.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Molecular Composition Of Ketones In the Coalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation and Molecular Characterization of Ketones in a Low-Temperature Coal Tar

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…26 A DBE of 10 most likely represents the 9-fluorenone series. These ketones are known in Western Siberian Jurassic oils, 14 Wilmington oil, 27 and shale oil. 15 A DBE of 13 is thought to represent compounds like benzofluorenones, also reported in Western Siberian Jurassic oils.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Storage and Hydrodesulfurization on the Ketones in Fossil Fuels

Alhassan

Andersson

2015

Energy Fuels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Stability of fuels on storage is a topic of major concern. Oxidation prone compounds are known to react with air oxygen to form polar oxygenated products that ultimately can precipitate as a gum. Ketones are such reactive compounds, and here they are analyzed in several materials. They are recorded in a diesel as a function of the degree of hydrodesulfurization (HDS). A ketone selective reagent is used to derivatize only ketones, thus avoiding confusion with other one oxygen-atom containing compounds. The analysis was done using ultrahigh resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry. The alkanones that were present in the original material are removed through HDS. Plenty of mainly aromatic ketones are formed when the fuel is stored in contact with air. A heating oil was stored under near-ambient conditions and analyzed after 12 and 18 months. Aromatic ketones arose throughout the storage, but their pattern did not change with time. A phenol selective derivatization reagent was used to show that many ketones containing a total of two oxygen atoms are in fact hydroxyphenyl alkyl ketones. A sediment contained ketones possessing a total of one to five oxygen atoms. The advantage of using selective derivatization reagents to differentiate between isomers based on their functional groups is demonstrated.

show abstract

“…Fluorenones, C 13 to CIS' have been extracted from the higher boiling ranges of the same crude oil by sodium in liquid ammonia [137].…”

Section: Oxygen Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crude Petroleum

Speers

Whitehead

1969

Organic Geochemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Identification of Fluorenones in Wilmington Petroleum by Gas-Liquid Chromatography and Spectrometry.

Cited by 23 publications

References 12 publications

Separation and Molecular Characterization of Ketones in a Low-Temperature Coal Tar

Separation and Molecular Characterization of Ketones in a Low-Temperature Coal Tar

Effect of Storage and Hydrodesulfurization on the Ketones in Fossil Fuels

Crude Petroleum

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About