Identification of four novel flavonoid adducts in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) exposed to isobutyl S-2-diethylaminoethyl methylphosphonothiolate as potential plant exposure biomarkers

Abstract

Identification of flavonoid adducts in plants provides a novel strategy for the retrospective analysis of nerve agent exposure.

Qualitative Analysis of Novel Flavonoid Adducts from Nerve Agent Tabun-Exposed Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Based on Quadrupole–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry

“…In our previous research [ 17 ], density functional theory computation was used to compare the reactivity of the two hydroxyl groups on the benzene ring of compound 1 , compound 2 and compound 3 . It was found that O18 has relatively low steric hindrance and stronger nucleophilicity than O20, and is more likely to attack the P atom in the molecule of a nerve agent.…”

“…Isobutyl methylphosphonyl-modified flavonoids were synthesized with kaempferol 3- O -rhamnoside 7- O -rhamnoside and Isobutyl methylphosphonochloridate. The structures and purities (>95%) were confirmed by NMR [ 17 ].…”

“…Our previous research [ 17 ] proved that Isobutyl methylphosphonyl-modified flavonoids can be formed when the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) was exposed to a typical V-type nerve agent of Isobutyl S-2-diethylaminoethyl methylphosphonothiolate (iBuVX). The binding site of the iBuVX on flavonoids was proved to be the hydroxyl group on the benzene ring of the flavonoids by density functional theory computation and by the synthesis of the reference chemical.…”

Magnetic mesoporous Fe3O4@nSiO2@mSiO2 nanoparticles for high-throughput mass spectrometry detection of hydrolyzed products of organophosphorus nerve agents

“…These are stable in an exposed environment for a long period of time and have significant use in the verification of OPNAs. 6 Compared to sample pretreatment methods, such as liquid–liquid extraction, solid phase extraction, or solid phase microextraction, the QuEChERS method has the advantages of being simple, less time-consuming, and cost-effective, and is suitable for high-throughput sample analysis. 7 Recently, with the application of the QuEChERS method in the purification process of many complex environments and biological substrates, the adsorption ability of a traditional single purification sorbent has been found to be weak.…”

Zirconium-based metal–organic framework loaded agarose hydrogels for fluorescence turn-on detection of nerve agent simulant vapor

“…8 Many methods have been utilized for the detection of colorless, odorless but lethal nerve agent simulants, including electrochemical sensing, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, ion mobility spectrometry and techniques based on enzyme sensing. [9][10][11][12] These methods provided accurate and precise detection results, but drawbacks such as nonportability, slow response, expensive instruments and complex operation limited their application in practical assays. As an alternative to these detection methods, uorescence analysis with good sensitivity and selectivity, rapid response, and ease of operation has proven to be feasible and is superior in terms of the signal output pattern.…”