Identification of genes associated with soluble sugar and organic acid accumulation in ‘Huapi’ kumquat (<i>Fortunella crassifolia</i> Swingle) via transcriptome analysis

Wei, Qingjiang; Ma, Qiaoli; Zhou, Gaofeng; Liu, Xiao; Gu, Qun

doi:10.1002/jsfa.11072

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Among them, the content of citric acid accounted for about 70-80% of the total acid. The composition and content of organic acids in citrus fruits have genetic variation [53,54], and the differences are not only manifested between different citrus types [55], also manifested in different varieties of the same species. It has been reported that there are significant differences in the content of citric acid and malic acid in the fruits of the four budding varieties of Guanximi [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fruit Physiology and Sugar-Acid Profile of 24 Pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) Cultivars Grown in Subtropical Region of China

et al. 2021

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In the present study, the fruit physiology and sugar-acid ratio of 24 pomelo cultivars grown in ten different locations of the subtropical region of China were measured. The contents of soluble sugars and organic acids were quantified using high-performance (HPLC-MS) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS), respectively. The results revealed that the physiological and basic quality attributes of 24 pomelo cultivars, including fruit weight, fruit width, fruit length, peel thickness, number of segments, pulp weight, pulp color, soluble solids, and Vitamin C, ranged between 264.63–1945.85 g, 8.60–19.56 g, 7.40–20.70 g, 0.46–3.33 mm, 11–18.66, 210.25–1351.66 g, 8.59–15.14 Brix°, and 34.79–84.58 mg/100 g, respectively. Soluble sugars, i.e., fructose, glucose, and sucrose, ranged between 16.25–24.25, 16.17–24.22, and 19.90–55.28 mg/g, respectively. Similarly, Organic acids, i.e., pyruvate, fumaric acids, succinic acid, tartaric acid, quinic acid, citric acid, malic acid, and cis-aconitic acid, in 24 pomelo cultivars ranged between 0.48–1.84, 0.02–0.45, 0–0.05, 0.01–0.1, 0–0.14, 3.01–11.85, 0.18–1.42, and 0.01–0.16 mg/g, respectively. The pomelo cultivars ‘Hongzuanmi’, ‘Minihong’, and ‘Hangwanmi’ exhibited maximum contents of citric acid and pyruvate and showed ultimately excessive organic acids. Overall, the ‘Guanximi’ and its budding cultivars, i.e., ‘Hongroumi’, ‘Huangjinmi’, and ‘Sanhongmi’, had the best quality fruits having maximum sugar-acid ratio. Correlation analysis showed that total soluble sugars had a significantly positive correlation with sucrose contents, while citric acids, malic acid, and pyruvate were positively correlated with total organic acids. The determined sugar-acid profile of pomelo cultivars provides the basis for future elucidation of key mechanisms regulating sugars and acids biosynthesis in pomelo.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fruit Physiology and Sugar-Acid Profile of 24 Pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) Cultivars Grown in Subtropical Region of China

et al. 2021

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“…Contents of non-structural carbohydrates, including sucrose, fructose, and glucose, were quantified by the HPLC system (LC-20AT, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) as previously described [ 70 ]. The total starch content was determined by spectrophotometry (UV-2600, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan), and the measurement was performed using a starch reagent kit (G0551F) according to the manufacturer protocol (Suzhou Grace Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and Full-Length Transcriptome Analyses Reveal the Dwarfing Regulation in Trifoliate Orange (Poncirus trifoliata L.)

Wei

et al. 2023

Plants

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Dwarfing rootstocks are capable of high-density planting and are therefore urgently needed in the modern citrus cultivation system. However, little is known about the physiological relevance and molecular basis underlying citrus height. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze phytohormone, carbohydrate, and associated transcriptome changes in the stem of two weak growth rootstocks (‘TO’ and ‘FD’) relative to the vigorous ‘CC’ rootstock. The phenotypic observation revealed that the plant height, plant weight, and internode length were reduced in dwarfing rootstocks. Moreover, the contents of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), trans-zeatin (tZ), and abscisic acid (ABA), were higher in TO and FD rootstocks, whereas the gibberellin 3 (GA3) content was higher in the CC rootstocks. The carbohydrate contents, including sucrose, fructose, glucose, starch, and lignin significantly decreased in both the TO and FD rootstocks. The full-length transcriptome analysis revealed a potential mechanism regulating dwarfing phenotype that was mainly related to the phytohormone signaling transduction, sugar and starch degradation, lignin synthesis, and cellulose and hemicellulose degradation processes. In addition, many transcription factors (TFs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and alternative splicing (AS) events were identified, which might act as important contributors to control the stem elongation and development in the weak growth rootstocks. These findings might deepen the understanding of the complex mechanisms of the stem development responsible for citrus dwarfing and provide a series of candidate genes for the application in breeding new rootstocks with intensive dwarfing.

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“…During fruit development, upregulating of sucrose synthases enhances sink strength promoting sucrose and starch accumulation and increasing fruit size (Sadka et al, 2019;Feng et al, 2021). SCM also showed downregulation of two ERD6L sugar transporters that might be relevant for sugar accumulation in citrus fruits, especially sugar transporter ERD6-like 7, as reported in kumquats (Wei et al, 2021).…”

Section: Differential Gene Expression In Mandarin Admixtures Versus S...mentioning

confidence: 64%

Transcriptome analysis of the pulp of citrus fruitlets suggests that domestication enhanced growth processes and reduced chemical defenses increasing palatability

et al. 2022

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To identify key traits brought about by citrus domestication, we have analyzed the transcriptomes of the pulp of developing fruitlets of inedible wild Ichang papeda (Citrus ichangensis), acidic Sun Chu Sha Kat mandarin (C. reticulata) and three palatable segregants of a cross between commercial Clementine (C. x clementina) and W. Murcott (C. x reticulata) mandarins, two pummelo/mandarin admixtures of worldwide distribution. RNA-seq comparison between the wild citrus and the ancestral sour mandarin identified 7267 differentially expressed genes, out of which 2342 were mapped to 117 KEGG pathways. From the remaining genes, a set of 2832 genes was functionally annotated and grouped into 45 user-defined categories. The data suggest that domestication promoted fundamental growth processes to the detriment of the production of chemical defenses, namely, alkaloids, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, glucosinolates and cyanogenic glucosides. In the papeda, the generation of energy to support a more active secondary metabolism appears to be dependent upon upregulation of glycolysis, fatty acid degradation, Calvin cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and ATP-citrate lyase and GABA pathways. In the acidic mandarin, downregulation of cytosolic citrate degradation was concomitant with vacuolar citrate accumulation. These changes affected nitrogen and carbon allocation in both species leading to major differences in organoleptic properties since the reduction of unpleasant secondary metabolites increases palatability while acidity reduces acceptability. The comparison between the segregants and the acidic mandarin identified 357 transcripts characterized by the occurrence in the three segregants of additional downregulation of secondary metabolites and basic structural cell wall components. The segregants also showed upregulation of genes involved in the synthesis of methyl anthranilate and furaneol, key substances of pleasant fruity aroma and flavor, and of sugar transporters relevant for sugar accumulation. Transcriptome and qPCR analysis in developing and ripe fruit of a set of genes previously associated with citric acid accumulation, demonstrated that lower acidity is linked to downregulation of these regulatory genes in the segregants. The results suggest that the transition of inedible papeda to sour mandarin implicated drastic gene expression reprograming of pivotal pathways of the primary and secondary metabolism, while palatable mandarins evolved through progressive refining of palatability properties, especially acidity.

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Identification of genes associated with soluble sugar and organic acid accumulation in ‘Huapi’ kumquat (Fortunella crassifolia Swingle) via transcriptome analysis

Cited by 23 publications

References 51 publications

Fruit Physiology and Sugar-Acid Profile of 24 Pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) Cultivars Grown in Subtropical Region of China

Fruit Physiology and Sugar-Acid Profile of 24 Pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) Cultivars Grown in Subtropical Region of China

Physiological and Full-Length Transcriptome Analyses Reveal the Dwarfing Regulation in Trifoliate Orange (Poncirus trifoliata L.)

Transcriptome analysis of the pulp of citrus fruitlets suggests that domestication enhanced growth processes and reduced chemical defenses increasing palatability

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