Identification of Helicobacter pylori DNA in the mouths and stomachs of patients with gastritis using PCR.

Mapstone, Nicholas P.; Lynch, D. A. F.; Lewis, F A; Axon, Anthony; Tompkins, David; Dixon, M. F.; Quirke, Philip

doi:10.1136/jcp.46.6.540

Cited by 208 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…A single-step PCR with the primers EHC-U=EHC-L and 40 cycles of ampli®cation consistently detected ®ve H. pylori cells added to saliva or to dental plaque [20]. In contrast, others reported the detection limit to be 10±100 cells of cultured H. pylori [6,8,27,28]. The possibility of false positivity is very unlikely in the present study, because considerable care was taken to prevent contamination, as described by Kwok and Higuchi [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

Characteristic distribution pattern of Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque and saliva detected with nested PCR

Song¹,

Lange

Spahr

et al. 2000

Journal of Medical Microbiology

155

142

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The precise mode of transmission and the natural reservoir for Helicobacter pylori are unknown. PCR assays have proved to be highly sensitive and speci®c and are regarded as the method of choice for detecting H. pylori DNA in the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and distribution of H. pylori in the oral cavity. Forty-two patients undergoing gastroscopy were investigated for the presence of H. pylori in dental plaque and saliva by nested PCR, and in the stomach by the 13 C-urea breath test. Samples tested comprised dental plaque from molars, premolars and incisors and saliva. Two sets of primers homologous to the 860-bp fragment of H. pylori DNA, which have been shown previously to be highly sensitive and speci®c, were used for nested PCR. Eleven patients (26.2%) were infected with H. pylori in the stomach. H. pylori DNA was identi®ed in dental plaque samples from 41 patients (97%) and in 23 saliva samples (55%). The prevalence in dental plaque from molars, premolars and incisors was 82%, 64% and 59%, with an odds ratio of 3.18, 1.24 and 1 (reference), respectively. In conclusion, H. pylori was present in the oral cavity of 97% of tested patients, with a characteristic distribution that was independent of the infection status of the stomach. Thus H. pylori may belong to the normal oral micro¯ora.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 44%

Characteristic distribution pattern of Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque and saliva detected with nested PCR

Song¹,

Lange

Spahr

et al. 2000

Journal of Medical Microbiology

155

142

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Previous comparative studies of the sensitivity of PCR and culture in the detection of H. pylori were mostly based on < 50 samples [19,20, 30- [30] and Clayton et al [20], who found that some patients with normal mucosa were colonised with H. pylori, as well as patients with chronic gastritis who had not been infected with H. pylori. By strictly following the rules for sample transportation times, the present study reduced the risk of making the target micro-organism non-culturable or dead [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PCR-based diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in Polish children and adults

Gzyl¹,

Dzierżanowska²,

Rozynek³

et al. 1999

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Infection and associated disease caused by Helicobacter pylori are common in Poland, as in much of Eastern Europe, although the genotypes of strains have not been much studied, especially in terms of traits that might be important in disease. This study developed a sensitive and efficient polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for the presence of H. pylori in gastric biopsy samples with ureA gene-specific primers and primers for the virulence-associated cag pathogenicity island (PAI). These tests were used with biopsy samples from 246 symptomatic children (age range 1-17 years) and 82 adults (age range 18-53 years) in Warsaw. An assessment was also made of the success of metronidazole-based therapy intended to eradicate infection. H. pylori was detected by urehspecific PCR in 83 (76.9%) children and in 41 (87.2%) adults with histologically proven gastritis, and in 28.4% and 29.2%, respectively, of the 38 children and 7 adults with little or no evidence of gastritis. In general, H. pyluri was detected more often by PCR than by culture (70.3% compared with 52.8% in children and 62.8% compared with 38.6% in adults), although in several cases a negative PCR was associated with a positive culture result. The rate of H. pyluri infection increased with age from 5.4% in children up to 5 years old to 29.2% to age 10 and 65.4% to age 18. The tests detected the cagPAI in 97 (75%) and 44 (85%) of the H. pylori-infected children and adults, respectively. Some H. pylori-infected patients with a ureA+ PCR result contained the 'empty site' of the cagPAI and only four patients were infected with mixed cag+ cagstrains. PCR with cagPAI and 'empty site' of the cagPAI represents a novel tool for fast screening of mixed cag+ cag-infection. These results confirm and further illustrate that direct PCR of biopsy specimens can be useful for detection of infection and genotyping of resident strains, and that H. pylori infection is very common among children as well as adults in Poland. They also show that Polish strains vary with regard to the presence or absence of the cagPAI, and suggest that the proportion of strains that are cag+ is higher in Poland than in Western European countries, which may reflect the relatively higher risk of infection in this society.

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“…H. pylori survives for a time in gastric juice. All of us reflux slightly from time to time, so it is not surprising that the organism, and more commonly its DNA, has been detected in the mouth, for instance in dental plaque 19,20 . Recent observations in volunteers infected with H. pylori who were made to vomit or have diarrhoea showed that an actively unwell person with these symptoms could spread H. pylori in the immediate vicinity by aerosol, splashing of vomitus, infected vomitus and infected diarrhoea 21 .…”

Section: Epidemiology and Disease Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helicobacter pylori: 20 years on

Marshall

2002

Clinical Medicine

116

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This year marks the 20th anniversary of the culture of Helicobacter pylori in Perth, Australia, over Easter 1982. It is now known that the spiral, Gram-negative bacterium inhabits the stomach of more than 50% of humans. Although the new organism was only cultured in 1982 1 , the Italian anatomist Giulio Bizzozero had reported its manifestations in the scientific literature 100 years earlier 2 . He recognised that dogs harboured a gastric 'spirochaete' -certain proof that bacteria could survive in the acid-secreting stomach. Other investigators noticed that urease was usually present in the stomach of carnivorous animals such as dogs and cats 3 , findings that were extended to humans in 1950 4 . It was thought that all these facts were unrelated, and that gastric urease was actually secreted by the gastric epithelial cells, until Charles Lieber showed that it could be suppressed with tetracycline 5 , and Delluva showed that germ-free animals did not develop gastric urease 6 . The presence of spiral bacteria in the human stomach was reported several times, most notably by Freedberg in 1940 7 and Steer and Colin-Jones in 1975 8 , well before the bacteria were found to cause peptic ulcer and gastric cancer 1,9 . The history of H. pylori is the subject of a recent book, Helicobacter pioneers: firsthand accounts from the scientists who discovered helicobacters, 1892-1982 10 . Microbiology and taxonomyH. pylori is named because of its spiral or helical shape (Fig 1). The organism is approximately 0.6 µm thick, taking the shape of a flat spiral with 1.5 wavelengths. The organism has up to seven sheathed flagella. It prefers a microaerophilic (reduced oxygen) environment and can be cultured in gas jars with Campylobacter gas generating envelopes (Oxoid), or in carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) incubators at 37°C. The preferred agar media contain blood, with or without selective antibiotics, but media without blood can also be used 11 . The first helicobacter cultured was actually H. muridarum, a commensal organism colonising the crypts of the mouse caecum 12 . New helicobacter species are discovered regularly, and some are now regarded as human pathogens. Figure 2 summarises the taxonomy of the helicobacter genus as determined by sequencing the 16s ribosomal RNA 13 .According to observations from human and animal helicobacter infections, the genus has the capacity to colonise and cause inflammation in the stomach (H. pylori, H. heilmannii, H. mustelae

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Identification of Helicobacter pylori DNA in the mouths and stomachs of patients with gastritis using PCR.

Abstract: Aims-To determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori colonisation in the mouths of patients with H pyloni gastritis.

Cited by 208 publications

References 15 publications

Characteristic distribution pattern of Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque and saliva detected with nested PCR

Characteristic distribution pattern of Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque and saliva detected with nested PCR

PCR-based diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in Polish children and adults

Helicobacter pylori: 20 years on

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