Identification of Human Gut Microbiome Associated with Enterolignan Production

Abstract

Dietary plant lignans are converted inside the gut to enterolignans enterodiol (ED) and enterolactone (EL), which have several biological functions, and health benefits. In this study, we characterized the gut microbiome composition associated with enterolignan production using data from a cross−sectional study in the Japanese population. We identified enterolignan producers by measuring ED and EL levels in subject’s serum using liquid chromatography−tandem mass spectrometry. Enterolignan producers show more abundant proportion of Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae than non−enterolignan producers. In particular, subjects with EL in their serum had a highly diverse gut microbiome that was rich in Ruminococcaceae and Rikenellaceae. Moreover, we built a random forest classification model to classify subjects to either EL producers or not using three characteristic bacteria. In conclusion, our analysis revealed the composition of gut microbiome that is associated with lignan metabolism. We also confirmed that it can be used to classify the microbiome ability to metabolize lignan using machine learning approach.

Association of enterolactone with blood pressure and hypertension risk in NHANES

“…It appears that while additional lignan sources to the diet do increase serum and urinary enterolactone levels, the ability to produce enterolactone is either impeded or accelerated based on individual microbial diversity. For example, members of the genus Klebsiella are more abundant in both non-enterolactone producers [ 7 ] and individuals with hypertension [ 67 ]. Conversely, both Sawane et al and Lampe et al observed a more robust abundance of the Ruminococcaceae genera (Firmicutes phylum) in enterolactone producers, regardless of dietary intervention [ 6 , 7 ].…”

“…For example, members of the genus Klebsiella are more abundant in both non-enterolactone producers [ 7 ] and individuals with hypertension [ 67 ]. Conversely, both Sawane et al and Lampe et al observed a more robust abundance of the Ruminococcaceae genera (Firmicutes phylum) in enterolactone producers, regardless of dietary intervention [ 6 , 7 ]. Thus, greater urinary enterolactone levels are not only a reflection of dietary lignan intake, but are a reflection of host gut microbial diversity.…”

“…Concentrations of these enterolignans can be measured in the blood or urine [ 4 , 5 ]. Thus, enterolignans are emerging as important inferential biomarkers of health that reflect not only dietary lignan intake, but also gut microbiota composition and diversity [ 7 ].…”

Promising Intestinal Microbiota Associated with Clinical Characteristics of COPD Through Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis

“… 35 In recent years, some cohort studies have used random forest classifications to illustrate the predictive contribution and discriminatory ability of explanatory variables (such as microbial metabolites) to target variables (such as disease-related factors). 36 , 37 Based on random forest machine learning, we constructed a model to distinguish COPD patients from healthy individuals by combining data from fifteen intestinal microbiotas at the genus level. According to the ROC results, our classification model achieved good results in discriminating patients with COPD from healthy participants, suggesting that intestinal microbiota can effectively distinguish COPD patients from the general population.…”

A comparative study on flaxseed lignan biotransformation through resting cell catalysis and microbial fermentation by β‐glucosidase production Lactiplantibacillus plantarum

“…END-2 and Lactonifactor longoviformis strains have been shown to catalyze this oxidation reaction. [14][15][16] Although strains isolated from gut microbiota were able to transform SDG into END and ENL, most of them are not currently approved for food production, which limits their application in foods. 11 Lactic acid bacteria with ⊎-glucosidase activity were found for applications in winemaking, sourdough making as aromatic starters, and bioconversion of SDG, ginsenosides and isoflavone.…”