Identification of Ideal Allele Combinations for the Adaptation of Spring Barley to Northern Latitudes

Göransson, Magnus; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn; Lillemo, Morten; Orabi, Jihad; Backes, Gunter; Jahoor, A.; Hermannsson, Jónatan; Christerson, Therese; Tuvesson, Stine; Gertsson, B.; Reitan, Lars; Alsheikh, Muath; Aikasalo, Reino; Isolahti, Mika; Veteläinen, Merja; Jalli, Marja; Krusell, Lene; Hjortshøj, Rasmus L.; Eriksen, Birger; Bengtsson, Tommy

doi:10.3389/fpls.2019.00542

Cited by 15 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(115 reference statements)

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“…The Icelandic environment poses challenges to crop production by the low temperature during the growth season. An extreme earliness in Icelandic barley lines has previously been reported (Göransson et al 2019). The current study, for the first time, confirms the extreme This article is protected by copyright.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…It is interesting that CEN, a wellknown earliness locus, did not show up in the GWAS. However, other studies have reported that a single allele of the CEN locus is virtually fixed in European spring barley (Tondelli et al 2013;Fjellheim et al 2014;Göransson et al 2019) which could explain why it was not found in the GWAS of the currently reported panel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Wonneberger et al (2017) analyzed MTAs for heading and height in a set of Nordic spring barley lines grown under field conditions in Norway, and Göransson et al (2019) performed GWAS for HSHD, HSMD, and height for another spring barley panel of Nordic origin grown under field conditions in the Nordic countries and Germany. The present study shared no identical MTAs with Wonneberger et al (2017), whereas three marker trait associations (MTA) were identical for both HSHD and HSMD, and one MTA for HSMD with the previous study by Göransson et al (2019). The MTAs for both HSHD and HSMD were SCRI_RS_15171 (3H, denso/sdw1), SCRI_RS_164290 (3H, denso/sdw1), SCRI_RS_187343 (6H, Hsf-A5), and only for HSMD: SCRI_RS_193132 (3H, denso/sdw1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Specific adaptation for early maturity and height stability in Icelandic spring barley

et al. 2021

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Cereal production in important growing regions is negatively influenced by climate change.This can be countered by expanding cereal production northwards in Scandinavia and Iceland, where today barley is primarily used as feed, rarely reaching malting quality. This study explores genetic factors underlying the ability of barley to mature fully in low temperature and long photoperiod. A panel of 84 spring barley lines were grown in controlled environments with different day lengths and temperatures, partially mimicking the target environment. The panel was screened for accumulated heat sum to heading and maturity, and height; traits of importance for adaptation to the northern periphery. Subgroups with different stability and heat sum requirements were found, and day length neutral lines were identified.Height was temperature controlled, with lower temperature resulting in taller plants. The results were coupled to a genome wide association study (GWAS). Despite the small panel size, the Mat-a locus was identified to have the strongest association with heat sum to heading, Ppd-H1, Mat-a, FT1 and DHAR2 with heat sum to maturity, and GA20ox1 with height. Early maturing lines with height stability have successfully been developed in Iceland and this study confirms their performance in controlled environments for the first time. It provides insight to the mechanisms behind early maturity that will increase our ability to further adapt barley, and other cereals, to the northern climate. This will facilitate breeding work towards combining early maturity and height stability with traits such as quality, further enabling the northward expansion of grain production.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Specific adaptation for early maturity and height stability in Icelandic spring barley

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“…Thus, our results show that modern Australian barley cultivars are not genetically depauperate in comparison to historical varieties, which counters the common perception that intensive breeding leads to the erosion of adaptive genetic diversity in modern cultivars [1, 2]. This notion is supported by several recent reports on cereal crops such as wheat, which demonstrate that genetic diversity has not been reduced in European wheat cultivars over the past five decades of progress in breeding [24, 25]. Moreover, the faster LD decay and lower level of long-range LD of more recently released cultivars indicate that recent breeding efforts have increasingly integrated lines with more diverse genetic backgrounds into the pool of Australian germplasm.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

A global barley panel revealing genomic signatures of breeding in modern cultivars

Hill

Angessa

Zhang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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18The future of plant cultivar improvement lies in the evaluation of genetic resources from 19 currently available germplasm. Recent efforts in plant breeding have been aimed at 20 developing new and improved varieties from poorly adapted crops to suit local environments. 21 However, the impact of these breeding efforts is poorly understood. Here, we assess the 22 contributions of both historical and recent breeding efforts to local adaptation and crop 23 improvement in a global barley panel by analysing the distribution of genetic variants with 24 respect to geographic region or historical breeding category. By tracing the impact breeding 25 had on the genetic diversity of barley released in Australia, where the history of barley 26 production is relatively young, we identify 69 candidate regions within 922 genes that were 27 under selection pressure. We also show that modern Australian barley varieties exhibit 12% 28 higher genetic diversity than historical cultivars. Finally, field-trialling and phenotyping for 29 agriculturally relevant traits across a diverse range of Australian environments suggests that 30 genomic regions under strong breeding selection and their candidate genes are closely 31 associated with key agronomic traits. In conclusion, our combined dataset and germplasm 32 collection provide a rich source of genetic diversity that can be applied to understanding and 33 improving environmental adaptation and enhanced yields. 35Author summary 36 Today's gene pool of crop genetic diversity has been shaped during domestication and more 37 recently by breeding. Genetic diversity is vital for crop species to be able to adapt to 38 changing environments. There is concern that recent breeding efforts have eroded the genetic 39 diversity of many domesticated crops including barley. The present study assembled a global 40 panel of barley genotypes with a focus on historical and modern Australian varieties.41 Genome-wide data was used to detect genes that are thought to have been under selection 3 42 during crop breeding in Australian barley. The results demonstrate that despite being more 43 extensively bred, modern Australian barley varieties exhibit higher genetic diversity than 44 historical cultivars, countering the common perception that intensive breeding leads to 45 genetic erosion of adaptive diversity in modern cultivars. In addition, some loci (particularly 46 those related to phenology) were subject to selection during the introduction of other barley 47 varieties to Australia -these genes might continue to be important targets in breeding efforts 48 in the face of changing climatic conditions. 49 50 51The diversity of the existing genetic pool for commercially important plant species has been 52 shaped during plant domestication, human migration, varietal selection processes and, more 53 recently, breeding. However, there is concern that breeding efforts have eroded genetic 54 variation, thereby resulting in a narrow range of genotypes in the current gene pools of 55 domesticated crops [1...

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“…S9). Crop plants grown under variable environments experience different photoperiod and therefore the influence of the regulator of Hd varies with the environment(Göransson et al 2019;Afsharyan et al 2020). For instance, our lower latitude trials (Turkey, Syria) have less annual variation in photoperiod compared to higher latitude Germany where average day length increases by up to 4 hours during the spring growing season.Furthermore, temperature, humidity and soil type can also influence Hd.…”

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confidence: 93%

On the origin of photoperiod non-responsiveness in barley

Sharma

Shaaf

Neumann

et al. 2020

Preprint

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AbstractIn barley, the transition from the vegetative to reproductive phase is complex and under the control of photoperiodic and temperature conditions. One major gene involved is PPD-H1, a PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR 7 (PRR7) that encodes a component of the circadian clock. Mutation at PPD-H1 resulted in the photoperiod non-responsive ppd-H1 alleles that are beneficial under high latitudinal environments as they allow vegetative growth during the long-day summer conditions whereby higher yields are harvested by farmers. Utilizing a diverse GWAS panel of world-wide origin and a genome-wide gene-based set of 50K SNP markers, a strong association of days to heading with the PPD-H1 gene was detected in multi-location field trials. Re-sequencing of the gene spanning putative causative SNPs, SNP22 (Turner et al. 2005) and SNP48 (Jones et al. 2008), detected recombination between the two, previously reported to be in complete LD. Phenotyping of the recombinants and phylogenetic relationships among haplotypes supported the original conclusion of Turner et al. (2005) that SNP22, present in the CCT domain, is the most likely causative SNP. To infer the origin of non-responsiveness, the PPD-H1 gene was re-sequenced in a geo-referenced collection of 2057 wild and domesticated barleys and compared with the allelic status of the 6000-year-old barley sample from the Yoram cave in the Masada cliff. A monophyletic and post-domestication origin in the Fertile Crescent was found in contrast to the pre-domestication origin proposed by Jones et al. (2008). We show that the photoperiod non-responsiveness originated from Desert type wild barley in the Southern Levant.

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Identification of Ideal Allele Combinations for the Adaptation of Spring Barley to Northern Latitudes

Cited by 15 publications

References 71 publications

Specific adaptation for early maturity and height stability in Icelandic spring barley

Specific adaptation for early maturity and height stability in Icelandic spring barley

A global barley panel revealing genomic signatures of breeding in modern cultivars

On the origin of photoperiod non-responsiveness in barley

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