Identification of Individual Trees and Groups of Trees in the Landscape Using Airborne Laser Scanning Data

Abstract

In the work, a fully automatic approach for vegetation delineation using ALS data is presented. Nowadays, in Slovakia, aerial images and satellite scenes are used for this purpose. For vegetation identification, the measurement of local transparency and roughness directly in 3D point cloud was used. The aim was the identification of groups of trees with area bigger than 0.1 ha and individual trees. On the experimental area, 33 polygons representing groups of trees and 120 individual trees were identified. For groups of trees the accuracy of identification was 100%. For comparison, an area with reference polygons, which were manually vectorised by the operator on the orthophotos with spatial resolution 30 cm, was used. The average difference in the area was –0.26%, with standard deviation ±8.17%. The distance of borders of reference polygons and polygons derived from ALS data was also compared, average distance for border parts that fall inside the reference polygons was 2.24 m with standard deviation of ±2.8 m. The average distance for borders parts that fall outside of the reference polygons was 1.84 m with standard deviation ±2.04 m. The accuracy of individual trees identification was 98%.