Identification of Inflammatory and Disease-Associated Plasma Proteins that Associate with Intake of Added Sugar and Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Their Role in Type 2 Diabetes Risk

Ramne, Stina; Drake, Isabel; Ericson, Ulrika; Nilsson, Jan; Orho‐Melander, Marju; Engström, Gunnar; Sonestedt, Emily

doi:10.3390/nu12103129

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In an epidemiological study, no associations between sugar or sugar-sweetened beverages and CRP could be observed. The associations between some proteins involved in inflammatory response and sugar could not confirm causality, but could rather be a marker of high sugar intake and risk of type 2 diabetes [ 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High dietary sugar intake has been proposed to increase subclinical inflammation, as shown by elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) in some previous studies [ 13 ]. Additionally, intake of added sugar and sugar-sweetened beverages is associated with increased expression of proteins involved in inflammatory response signaling [ 14 ]. Diets rich in sugar, starch and saturated fats could activate the innate immune system through increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of a 4-Week Starch- and Sucrose-Reduced Diet and Its Effects on Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Inflammatory Parameters among Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

et al. 2021

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Dietary advice constitutes a treatment strategy for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We aimed to examine the effect of a starch- and sucrose-reduced diet (SSRD) on gastrointestinal symptoms in IBS patients, in relation to dietary intake and systemic inflammatory parameters. IBS patients (n = 105) were randomized to a 4-week SSRD intervention (n = 80) receiving written and verbal dietary advice focused on starch and sucrose reduction and increased intake of protein, fat and dairy, or control group (n = 25; habitual diet). At baseline and 4 weeks, blood was sampled, and participants filled out IBS-SSS, VAS-IBS, and Rome IV questionnaires and dietary registrations. C-reactive protein and cytokines TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-18 were analyzed from plasma. At 4 weeks, the intervention group displayed lower total IBS-SSS, ‘abdominal pain’, ‘bloating/flatulence’ and ‘intestinal symptoms´ influence on daily life’ scores (p ≤ 0.001 for all) compared to controls, and a 74%, responder rate (RR = ΔTotal IBS-SSS ≥ −50; RRcontrols = 24%). Median values of sucrose (5.4 vs. 20 g), disaccharides (16 vs. 28 g), starch (22 vs. 82 g) and carbohydrates (88 vs. 182 g) were lower for the intervention group compared to controls (p ≤ 0.002 for all), and energy percentages (E%) of protein (21 vs. 17 E%, p = 0.006) and fat (47 vs. 38 E%, p = 0.002) were higher. Sugar-, starch- and carbohydrate-reductions correlated weakly-moderately with total IBS-SSS decrease for all participants. Inflammatory parameters were unaffected. IBS patients display high compliance to the SSRD, with improved gastrointestinal symptoms but unaltered inflammatory parameters. In conclusion, the SSRD constitutes a promising dietary treatment for IBS, but needs to be further researched and compared to established dietary treatments before it could be used in a clinical setting.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of a 4-Week Starch- and Sucrose-Reduced Diet and Its Effects on Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Inflammatory Parameters among Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

et al. 2021

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“…Consequently, lack of these nutrients may also prompt the development and advancement of COVID-19 and its severe complications (46). Besides, a high intake of added sugar and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) might elevate the level of circulating inflammatory proteins and chronic inflammation and may contribute to the onset of type 2 diabetes (47).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Habits and Lifestyle During Coronavirus Pandemic Lockdown: Experience From Lebanon

et al. 2021

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This study aimed to examine the impact of quarantine on eating habits and lifestyle behaviors among the Lebanese adult population. A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire designed on Google Forms between 3 June and 28 June 2020. The survey questions were adapted from the Short Food Frequency Questionnaire, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form, and the second version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. A total of 2,507 adults completed the questionnaire. During the lockdown, 32.8% claimed weight gain, 44.7% did not eat fruits daily, 35.3% did not eat vegetables on daily basis, and 72.9% reported drinking less than eight cups of water per day. Moreover, there was a significant increase in the number of meals consumed per day, consumption of homemade meals, sedentary time, stress, and sleeping disturbances during the pandemic compared to before the pandemic (all p < 0.001). However, there was a significant decrease in physical activity engagement, sleep quality, and energy level during the lockdown compared to before the pandemic (all p < 0.001). The study highlights that the COVID-19 lockdown was associated with unfavorable changes in dietary habits and lifestyle behaviors in Lebanon. Sleep and mental health were also negatively impacted by the pandemic.

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“…The higher luminal sugar concentrations, the more upregulation of the enzymatic and absorptive systems, with higher glucose absorption consequently ( 28 ). Accordingly, the increased sugar consumption has several effects on the homeostasis and thereby on health ( 60 ). Decreased intake of starch and sucrose does not only influence the GI symptoms ( 17 ), it also leads to weight reductions and a less risk of metabolic syndromes ( 61 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theories behind the effect of starch‑ and sucrose‑reduced diets on gastrointestinal symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome (Review)

Ohlsson

2021

Mol Med Rep

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increased amounts of starch and sugar have been added to the diet in the Western world during the last decades. undigested carbohydrates lead to bacterial fermentation and gas production with diffusion of water, causing abdominal bloating, pain and diarrhea. Therefore, dietary advice is the first line of treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a disease characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits without any organic findings. recently, a diet with a reduction of starch and sucrose led to a marked effect on gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. The mechanism is unknown, but three possible mechanisms are presented in the present review. First, functional variants of the enzyme sucrase-isomaltase (SI) have been described in IBS. A subgroup of patients with IBS may thus suffer from partial SI deficiency with reduced digestion of starch and sucrose. Second, fructose absorption is less efficient than glucose absorption, which may lead to a physiological fructose malabsorption when ingesting high amounts of sucrose. a third mechanism is that high-sugar diets causing hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and weight gain have led to painful neuropathy in animal models; whereas, improved metabolic control in humans has led to improvement of neuropathy. Starch-and sucrose-reduced diets lead to decreased levels of c-peptide, insulin, gastric inhibitory peptide, leptin and weight reduction. These metabolic changes may reduce the excitability of the hypersensitive nervous system often found in IBS and, thereby, lead to the reduced symptoms found after the diet. in conclusion, further studies are needed to investigate the pathophysiology behind development of symptoms after starch and sucrose intake, and the mechanisms behind symptom relief after reduced intake. Contents1. introduction 2. Genetic variants of sucrase-isomaltase deficiency 3. Monosaccharide absorption in the small intestine 4. Gastrointestinal effects of monosaccharide absorption 5. effect of sugar-rich diets on the development of polyneuropathy 6. discussion

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Identification of Inflammatory and Disease-Associated Plasma Proteins that Associate with Intake of Added Sugar and Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Their Role in Type 2 Diabetes Risk

Cited by 15 publications

References 53 publications

Assessment of a 4-Week Starch- and Sucrose-Reduced Diet and Its Effects on Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Inflammatory Parameters among Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Assessment of a 4-Week Starch- and Sucrose-Reduced Diet and Its Effects on Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Inflammatory Parameters among Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Dietary Habits and Lifestyle During Coronavirus Pandemic Lockdown: Experience From Lebanon

Theories behind the effect of starch‑ and sucrose‑reduced diets on gastrointestinal symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome (Review)

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