We have previously described that IFN-γ induces cyclooxygenase 2 and inducible NO synthase expression by a mechanism that involved endogenously produced TNF-α. In this study, we report that TNF-α production is induced by IFN-γ treatment in the murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. TNF-α mRNA levels are increased in cells treated with IFN-γ in a time-dependent manner and IFN-γ also increased human TNF-α promoter-dependent transcription. Two regions in the TNF-α promoter seem to be responsible for the IFN-γ response: a distal region between −1311 and −615 bp of the human TNF-α promoter, and a proximal region located between −95 and −36 bp upstream of the transcriptional start. In contrast, IFN-γ stimulation induces the expression of the transcription factors IRF-1 and IRF-8. Overexpression of these transcription factors produces an increase in the transcriptional activity of the human TNF-α promoter. There is a correlation between the regions of the TNF-α promoter responsible of the transcriptional activation elicited by IRF-1 and IRF-8 and those required for IFN-γ response. In addition, IRF-1 and IRF-8 are recruited to the TNF-α promoter in IFN-γ-treated RAW 264.7 cells, as demonstrated by chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Moreover, overexpression of IRF-1 and IRF-8 induces TNF-α production in unstimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, comparable to the production of TNF-α elicited by IFN-γ stimulation, and silencing of IRF-1 and/or IRF-8 with specific small interfering RNAs, decreases IFN-γ-elicited TNF-α production. In summary, IFN-γ treatment induces TNF-α expression at transcriptional level requiring the coordinate action of IRF-1 and IRF-8.