Identification of Key Genes in the Response toSalmonella enterica Enteritidis,Salmonella enterica Pullorum, and Poly(I:C) in Chicken Spleen and Caecum

Abstract

Salmonella enterica Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) and Salmonella enterica Pullorum (S. pullorum) are regarded as a threat to poultry production. This study's aim is to characterize the expression profiles in response to three different challenges and to identify infection-related genes in the chicken spleen and caecum. Groups of the Chinese chicken breed Langshan were challenged with either S. Enteritidis, S. pullorum, or poly(I:C). The concentrations of cytokines and antibodies and the Salmonella colonization level of the caecum and liver were detected in each group at 7 days postinfection. Expression microarray experiments were conducted using mRNA isolated from both spleen and caecum. Crucial differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with immunity were identified. Four DEGs were identified in spleen of all three challenge groups (RBM16, FAH, SOX5, and RBM9) and different four genes in caecum (SOUL, FCN2, ANLN, and ACSL1). Expression profiles were clearly different among the three challenged groups. Genes enriched in the spleen of birds infected with S. pullorum were enriched in lymphocyte proliferation related pathways, but the enriched genes in the caecum of the same group were primarily enriched in innate immunity or antibacterial responses. The DEGs that appear across all three challenge groups might represent global response factors for different pathogens.

Genome-wide gene expression analysis in the amphioxus,Branchiostoma belcheriafter poly (I: C) challenge using strand-specific RNA-seq

“…Here, we identified several significantly enriched GO and KEGG terms involved in organic acid and amino acid metabolism and catalysis after pIC treatment in amphioxus. This was also reported in previous studies, in which the spleen and caecum of Chinese Langshan chickens were challenged by pIC [ 23 ]. Yang et al [ 24 ] reported that hepatitis B virus injection altered expression of lipid metabolism genes in transgenic mice by regulating oxidative stress and interacting with regulatory proteins associated with organic acid metabolism.…”

The Systemic Zinc Homeostasis Was Modulated in Broilers Challenged by Salmonella

“…Accumulating literature evidence shows that immune organs play crucial roles in defence against Salmonella infection [32][33][34], and mild zinc alteration dramatically affects the function of immune organs [35]. Therefore, we measured the zinc content in the spleen, thymus and bursa of Fabricius.…”

Effects of Glutamine on Digestive Function and Redox Regulation in the Intestines of Broiler Chickens Challenged with Salmonella Enteritidis

“…Previous studies have reported that young chickens infected with Salmonella present cachexia, shivering, clustering, head dropping, wing prolapse, loss of appetite, difficulty breathing, loss of body weight, diarrhea, and intestinal lesions from inflammation and damage to villi, leading to high mortality rates (Suzuki, 1994;Ma et al, 2014;Zhou et al, 2014). In our experiment, oral infection with Salmonella was not severe enough to lead to high mortality in the chickens (3.33%), but it did effectively activate the antioxidant system to protect against infection.…”