Identification of management units using population genetic data

Palsbøll, Per; Bérubé, Martine; Allendorf, Fred W.

doi:10.1016/j.tree.2006.09.003

Cited by 860 publications

(749 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Significant U ST values (Tables 4 and 5) between the GOC and all other localities sampled correlate with migration levels of less than two individuals per generation under the Wright-Fisher island population model. This implies demographic independence (Palsbøll et al 2007). Evidence of demographic independence and high relative nucleotide diversity in the GOC suggest that the GOC depends heavily on self-recruitment and may be more vulnerable to over-fishing than populations with greater connectivity such as those along the Central American coast.…”

Section: Conservation Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…An understanding of dispersal patterns can identify evolutionary source populations of high conservation priority, while maintenance of overall intraspecific genetic variation is important for supporting adaptive response to global change (Moritz 1994). Measures of population structure can uncover these patterns and identify demographically independent populations that should be managed as separate units (Moritz 1994;Palsbøll et al 2007). Population structure develops when genetic drift and local adaptation are strong enough forces to counteract gene flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, Mexico and Peru are classified as major seahorse exporters with more than 1 dry ton sold annually (Baum and Vincent 2005). To manage and conserve seahorse populations, as required by CITES, resource managers need basic information such as species distributions, population size and structure, and genetic indices of geographic partitioning that could help define management units (Moritz 1994;Palsbøll et al 2007). Additionally, phylogeographic analyses may allow preliminary assessments of the origin of specimens confiscated in light of the trade regulations mandated by CITES in 2004 (Lourie et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic differentiation across eastern Pacific oceanographic barriers in the threatened seahorse Hippocampus ingens

2010

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Understanding the population structure and evolutionary history of the eastern Pacific seahorse Hippocampus ingens is critical for the effective management of this threatened species. Life history characteristics of H. ingens (site fidelity and brooding of young) may limit gene flow and lead to population differentiation. A recent study analyzing conserved fragments of the mitochondrial cyt b and control region found no population structure. We re-assess this conclusion with a phylogeographic analysis of relationships among 115 individuals of H. ingens over a broader geographic range (San Diego Bay in California, Gulf of California, Central America, Ecuador, and Peru) based on a more variable 428 base pair fragment of the control region. This expanded analysis affirms low overall nucleotide diversity relative to other seahorses (h p = 0.004), and shows evidence of a recent bottleneck and population expansion since the middle Pleistocene. AMOVA analysis shows moderate overall population structure (U ST = 0.10, P val = 0.00), and pairwise U ST estimates indicate structure between the Gulf of California and all Pacific coast localities. Knowledge of population structure in H. ingens may improve conservation efforts by identifying evolutionarily important management units, and could determine source regions in the continuing trade of seahorses for traditional Chinese medicine. The level of genetic divergence observed between the Gulf of California and all other localities sampled may distinguish the Gulf as a separate management unit. Additional phylogeographic research with more quickly evolving genetic markers and targeted sampling at the mouth of the Gulf of California is warranted to inform strategies for conservation of this threatened seahorse.

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Section: Conservation Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic differentiation across eastern Pacific oceanographic barriers in the threatened seahorse Hippocampus ingens

2010

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“…The identification of essentially self‐recruiting populations and the estimation of dispersal rates have been the primary aim of population genetics and management for many years (Palsboll, Berube, & Allendorf, 2007). In terrestrial and freshwater systems, the expectation of sharp boundaries between genetically differentiated populations is often confirmed by genetic data, allowing unequivocal delimitation of management units (Palsboll et al., 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population assignment and local adaptation along an isolation‐by‐distance gradient in Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus)

Drinan

Gruenthal

Canino

et al. 2018

Evolutionary Applications

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The discernment of populations as management units is a fundamental prerequisite for sustainable exploitation of species. A lack of clear stock boundaries complicates not only the identification of spatial management units, but also the assessment of mixed fisheries by population assignment and mixed stock analysis. Many marine species, such as Pacific cod, are characterized by isolation by distance, showing significant differentiation but no clear stock boundaries. Here, we used restriction‐site‐associated DNA (RAD) sequencing to investigate population structure and assess power to genetically assign Pacific cod to putative populations of origin. Samples were collected across the species range in the eastern Pacific Ocean, from the Salish Sea to the Aleutian Islands. A total of 6,425 putative biallelic single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified from 276 individuals. We found a strong isolation‐by‐distance signal along coastlines that mirrored previous microsatellite results and pronounced genetic differentiation between coastal samples and those from the inland waters of the Salish Sea, with no evidence for hybridization between these two populations. Individual assignment success based on two methods was high overall (≥84%) but decreased from south to north. Assignment to geographic location of origin also was successful, with average distance between capture and assignment location of 220 km. Outlier analyses identified more loci potentially under selection along the coast than between Salish Sea and coastal samples, suggesting more diverse adaptation to latitudinal environmental factors than inshore vs. offshore environments. Our results confirm previous observations of sharp genetic differentiation of the Salish Sea population and isolation by distance along the coast, but also highlight the feasibility of using modern genomic techniques to inform stock boundaries and fisheries management in a low F ST marine species.

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“…For instance, establishing the level of genetic diversity within endangered populations can give valuable clues as to the relative risks of inbreeding depression and loss of adaptive potential (Keller and Waller 2002). Establishing how genetic variation is geographically distributed further enables the identification of management units (populations with a low degree of connectivity that necessitate separate management) aiding decisions as to where management efforts might be best concentrated (Palsbøll et al 2007). Such information is also critical when considering the benefits and risks of translocations or re-introduction operations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong isolation by distance argues for separate population management of endangered blue duck (Hymenolaimus malacorhynchos)

et al. 2016

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Knowledge of genetic diversity and population structuring represents a key component for the conservation of endangered species, especially where translocations and re-introduction operations are integral tools for population management. The blue duck (Hymenolaimus malacorhynchos) is a threatened riverine specialist that is endemic to New Zealand. Populations from the North and South Island form two distinct mitochondrial lineages, which currently necessitate separate conservation management. Here we examine the patterns of variability at 11 microsatellite loci and mitochondrial control region data to assess the range-wide genetic diversity and population structure of blue duck. Our data suggest that North and South Island blue duck populations likely diverged in the late Pleistocene with very limited gene flow, strongly reinforcing the current management strategy to avoid translocation between islands. Genetic diversity within both islands follows a pattern of isolation by distance with relatively high levels of gene flow among populations, likely driven by male-juvenile dispersal. The overall genetic diversity in blue duck is low and effective population size is small. These data will provide important information for conservation management of this species.

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Identification of management units using population genetic data

Cited by 860 publications

References 44 publications

Genetic differentiation across eastern Pacific oceanographic barriers in the threatened seahorse Hippocampus ingens

Genetic differentiation across eastern Pacific oceanographic barriers in the threatened seahorse Hippocampus ingens

Population assignment and local adaptation along an isolation‐by‐distance gradient in Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus)

Strong isolation by distance argues for separate population management of endangered blue duck (Hymenolaimus malacorhynchos)

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