Identification of Mangrove Ecosystem Boundaries in the Coastal Area of Bontang City Based on Tides Using Geospatial Analysis

Abstract

Mangrove ecosystems in coastal areas are important in storing large amounts of carbon and preventing coastal erosion due to sea wave scouring. Mangrove areas have many advantages as examples of mangrove plants that provide good nutrition for the surrounding area. Mangrove plants and surrounding mangrove sediments act as carbon sinks and social benefits for coastal communities. This mangrove area is located between the beach and the river and is influenced by salt water tides. Mangroves play an important ecological role in coastal stabilization by minimizing the impact of wave and wind energy on shorelines and acting as excellent land structural protection. The existence of mangrove forest areas in Bontang City poses a threat of changes in mangrove forest areas caused by various factors, including anthropogenic and global environmental changes. With the development of geospatial science, it can be used to analyze land boundaries that are influenced by sea tides. The main objective of this study is to identify the boundaries of the mangrove ecosystem in the coastal area of Bontang City. This research uses geospatial analysis methods with Remote Sensing and also Geographic Information Systems (GIS). This research shows an overview of the boundaries of the mangrove ecosystem area on the coast of Bontang City along a coastline of 135.79 km and an estimated area of the mangrove ecosystem area of 2,413.14 Ha. The results of this research can be the basis for a rehabilitation program for mangrove ecosystem areas.