Identification of Metabolites Changes and Quality in Strawberry Fruit: Effect of Cultivation in High Tunnel and Open Field

Abstract

Strawberry has gained increasing popularity all over the world due to its fruit properties. This popularity is due to the phytochemicals that strawberries have. The aim of this study is to reveal the effect of cultivation in open field and high tunnel on agromorphological and biochemical properties of strawberries. In this study, fruit yield and fruit quality characteristics of some strawberry varieties grown in open field and high tunnel were investigated. The highest fruit yield, fruit weight and titratable acidity were obtained in high tunnel grown Albion cultivar (542.743 g/plant, 14.927 g/fruit and 1.047%, respectively). While there was no statistical difference between cultivars and treatments in terms of soluble solids content and pH, fruit count was higher in Albion and Kabarla cultivars in both treatments compared to other cultivars (p < 0.05). Among the phenolic compounds, gallic acid was determined to be higher (between 9.246–31.680 mg/100 g) than other phenolics. Considering the organic acid content, malic acid was determined as the dominant organic acid in Kabarla cultivar (870.729 mg/100 g). In addition, in terms of vitamin C content, Rubygem cultivar stood out in both applications. Phenolic compound and organic acid contents varied in terms of varieties and applications. As a result, strawberry fruit, which is an important fruit in terms of fruit quality and consumption diversity, has been found to have high phenolic compounds and organic acid content, although it varies in all varieties and applications.

Bioactive Ingredients with Health-Promoting Properties of Strawberry Fruit (Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne)

“…Organic acids are the substances that, next to saccharides, have the greatest impact on the palatability of strawberry fruits and their sensory impressions [ 63 ]. Many different organic acids have been identified in strawberry fruits, such as malic, tartaric, citric, succinic, oxalic, gallic, and coumaric acids [ 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 ]. However, the acids that are found in the largest quantities in strawberry fruits are malic and citric acids.…”

“…Factors that significantly affect the composition of strawberry fruits include growing conditions and variety. Gecer et al [ 66 ] evaluated the effect of cultivation in high tunnel and open field conditions, in addition to variety, also influencing on fruit composition. These studies were conducted for the Albion, Kabarla, and Rubygom varieties.…”

“…Strawberries belong to the fruits, which are characterized by a high content of oxalates. Gecer et al [ 66 ] determined three varieties of strawberries in open field crops and in a high tunnel. The oxalic acid content ranged from 39.634 ± 1.61 to 145.373 ± 4.96 mg/100 g for fruits grown in the open field and from 48.789 ± 1.09 to 211.959 ± 6.59 mg/100 g in a high tunnel.…”

Effect of Municipal Solid Waste Compost on Yield, Plant Growth and Nutrient Elements in Strawberry Cultivation

“…Except for Shaw and Larson, the fruit weight values obtained from the studies using organic fertilizers above are compatible with our study findings. Gecer et al [60] reported that the highest fruit weight (14.93 g) was obtained from the Albion strawberry variety in their open and greenhouse cultivation studies carried out to determine the appropriate planting method of different strawberry varieties. Among the applications that did not use organic fertilizers, the fruit weight of Say gı only in the application of chemical fertilizers and the fruit weight reported by Gecer et al are lower than our study findings.…”

“…Regarding the number of fruits in strawberry plants, Çolak et al [62] examined the effect of honey bees on pollination and pollination in strawberry cultivation and reported the number of fruits per plant in Albion 36.00 pieces. Gecer et al [60] reported the number of fruits per plant in Albionda at 41.67 pieces. Geçer et al [63] have examined the effect of cultivar compatibility and fruit yield in the cultivation of different strawberry varieties in Merzifon ecological conditions and reported the number of fruit per plant in Albion at 22.91 pieces.…”