Identification of Mg2Cu particles in Cu-alloyed austempered ductile iron

Górny, M.; Tyrała, E.; Sikora, G.; Rogal, Łukasz

doi:10.1007/s12540-017-7234-3

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Fracture (Fig. 8) revealed the presence of ellipsoidal-shaped precipitations from the Mg-Cu system identified as Mg 2 Cu [28]. According to Zho [31], a thin Cu film on the spheroidal graphite surface is formed.…”

Section: Microstructurementioning

confidence: 98%

“…The higher the austenitizing temperature, the larger the observed Mg-Cu particles are. From [28], it follows that these highly dispersive Mg 2 Cu particles present in the copper-alloyed ADI have a negative effect on the dynamic properties of the ADI. Figure 10 shows the hardness as well as the impact properties for Alloys A and B with respect to the austenitizing temperature.…”

Section: The Formation Of Mg-cu Particles During the Austenitiz-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, Keough [24] reported that hardenability increases while the mechanical properties decrease with increasing austenitizing temperatures. During the austenitizing process, a Mg-Cu reaction also occurs, which results in the creation of highly dispersive Mg 2 Cu precipitations [28]. The Mg 2 Cu particles grow in the copper-magnesium-saturated regions near the graphite nodules, which can introduce microcracks in ADI castings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Mg 2 Cu particles grow in the copper-magnesium-saturated regions near the graphite nodules, which can introduce microcracks in ADI castings. The existence of these microcracks in castings should be also taken into account in optimizing the structure and mechanical properties of ADI (as reported in [28]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Role of Austenitization Temperature on Structure Homogeneity and Transformation Kinetics in Austempered Ductile Iron

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper considers the important factors of the production of high-strength ADI (Austempered Ductile Iron); namely, the austenitization stage during heat treatment. The two series of ADI with different initial microstructures were taken into consideration in this work. Experiments were carried out for castings with a 25-mm-walled thickness. Variable techniques (OM, SEM, dilatometry, DSC, Variable Magnetic Field, hardness, and impact strength measurements) were used for investigations of the influence of austenitization time on austempering transformation kinetics and structure in austempered ductile iron. The outcome of this work indicates that the austenitizing temperature has a very significant impact on structure homogeneity and the resultant mechanical properties. It has been shown that the homogeneity of the metallic matrix of the ADI microstructure strongly depends on the austenitizing temperature and the initial microstructure of the spheroidal cast irons (mainly through the number of graphite nodules). In addition, this work shows the role of the austenitization temperature on the formation of Mg-Cu precipitations in ADI.

show abstract

Section: Microstructurementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: The Formation Of Mg-cu Particles During the Austenitiz-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Role of Austenitization Temperature on Structure Homogeneity and Transformation Kinetics in Austempered Ductile Iron

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…2) and D. TEM observations [22] allowed us to identify these precipitates as Mg 2 Cu with an orthorhombic structure. It should also be noted that these particles (which are fragile due to their crystallographic structure) are mainly located in the vicinity of graphite nodules in the region of a dimpled fracture [22].…”

Section: Sem Investigation Of Fracturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformation Kinetics and Mechanical Properties of Copper-Alloyed and Copper-Nickel Alloyed ADI

Górny

Tyrała

Sikora

2018

MSF

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study the effect of copper and nickel in shaping the structure and properties of ADI (Austempered Ductile Iron) was investigated. The austenitization and austempering transformations were studied in order to follow the changes exhibited in transformation kinetics. The dilatometric results indicated that the addition of Cu and the addition of both Cu and Ni resulted in reducing relative expansion during austenitization, due to a larger pearlite fraction in the microstructure. In the initial stage of the austempering process, the addition of Cu, and to a greater extent, additions of both Cu and Ni led to a reduction in the transformation rate, shifting the maximum transformation rate values toward longer times. X-ray diffraction, dilatometric, metallographic and magnetic examinations allowed us to determine the phases fraction in the structure of ADI with the presence of Cu and Ni. From SEM-EDS analysis, it follows that in the copper alloyed ADI, highly dispersed particles are formed containing Mg and Cu, whose size does not exceed <1 µm. The exhibited mechanical properties were determined as a function of Cu and Ni additions and also variable austempering period of time. It was found that the addition of Cu resulted in increased tensile strength and hardness but simultaneously decreased the impact strength of ADI. The outcome of this work indicates that in order to obtain a satisfactory combination of static and dynamic mechanical properties of ADI, an optimal combination -aside from proper heat treatment -Cu and Ni should be selected.

show abstract

Structure Homogeneity and Thermal Stability of Austempered Ductile Iron

Górny

Gondek

Tyrała

et al. 2021

Metall Mater Trans A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Solid-state transformation during heat treatment is of great practical importance because it significantly affects the final structure, properties, and thermal stability of cast components. The present study highlights the issue of structure formation and its effect on the thermal stability of high-quality cast iron, namely, austempered ductile iron (ADI). In this study, experiments were carried out for castings with a 25-mm-walled thickness and under variable heat treatment conditions, i.e., austenitization and austempering within ranges of 850 °C to 925 °C and 250 °C to 380 °C, respectively. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) investigations were carried out within a range of − 260 °C to + 450 °C to study the structure parameters related to the XRD tests, which provided information related to the phase participation, lattice parameters, and stresses in the microstructure as well as with an expansion of the crystal lattice. The results also provide insight into the role of the structure and its homogeneity on the thermal stability of ADI cast iron. The present work also aims to develop strategies to suppress the formation of blocky-shaped austenite in the ADI structure to maintain a homogeneous microstructure and high thermal stability.

show abstract

Identification of Mg2Cu particles in Cu-alloyed austempered ductile iron

Cited by 6 publications

References 28 publications

Role of Austenitization Temperature on Structure Homogeneity and Transformation Kinetics in Austempered Ductile Iron

Role of Austenitization Temperature on Structure Homogeneity and Transformation Kinetics in Austempered Ductile Iron

Transformation Kinetics and Mechanical Properties of Copper-Alloyed and Copper-Nickel Alloyed ADI

Structure Homogeneity and Thermal Stability of Austempered Ductile Iron

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About