Identification of Microsatellite DNA Markers for the Giant Anteater Myrmecophaga tridactyla

García, José Eduardo; Boas, Laurival Antônio Vilas; Lemos, Manoel Victor Franco; Lemos, Eliana Gertrudes de Macedo; Contel, E. P. B.

doi:10.1093/jhered/esi089

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Additionally, for three loci (MtriUSP11, MtriUSP13 and MtriUSP17) the number of alleles per locus found in our sample was lower than the number found by Garcia et al (2005). This may have been due to differences in the sampling distribution between the two studies, because while our study focused on the genetic structure of one population in Emas National Park (ENP) Garcia et al studied the polymorphism of loci and sampled only seven M. tridactyla in ENP and eight from other localities, including animals killed on roads far away from ENP.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

“…Five M. tridactyla (Mtri) microsatellite loci (MtriUSP04, MtriUSP07, MtriUSP11, MtriUSP13) MtriUSP17) previously developed by Garcia et al (2005) were used to genotype all the animals sampled. For genotyping, microsatellite amplifications were performed in a 10 μL volume containing 10.0 μM of each primer, 1 unit of Tax DNA polymerase (Finedraw, BR), 200 μM of each dNTP, 1X reaction buffer (10 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.3, 50 mM KCl, 1.5 mM MgCl 2 ), and 20 ng of template DNA.…”

Section: Genetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence of high inbreeding in a population of the endangered giant anteater, Myrmecophaga tridactyla (Myrmecophagidae), from Emas National Park, Brazil

Collevatti

Leite

Miranda³

et al. 2007

Genet. Mol. Biol.

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We report the genetic structure, relatedness and mating structure of a population of the endangered giant anteater Myrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus, 1758 in the Emas National Park, Brazil, based on variability at five microsatellite loci. Additionally, we addressed the hypothesis that the M. tridactyla population studied has low levels of polymorphism and high levels of inbreeding and relatedness and that animals with overlapping home range are highly related. All five microsatellite loci displayed low levels of polymorphism and of expected and observed heterozygosity. The low level of polymorphism and high inbreeding showed by the population studied may be the outcome of high mortality and reduction in population size due to recurrent fire events in the Emas National Park, as reported in 1994.The reduction in population size may have led to a higher frequency of mating between closely related animals, augmented by the isolation of the population in the park because of the expansion of agricultural land and fragmentation of the Cerrado environment. The natural history of M. tridactyla and the phylopatric (sex-biased dispersal) behavior of females should increase the effects of isolation and bottlenecking, decreasing gene flow and increasing inbreeding. However, the low levels of polymorphism found in this population may simply be due to the natural history and evolution of M. tridactyla as reported for other species. The genetic structure and dynamics of this population needs to be investigated more profoundly in order to provide sound data for the design of conservation strategies for M. tridactyla in the Emas National Park.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

Section: Genetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of high inbreeding in a population of the endangered giant anteater, Myrmecophaga tridactyla (Myrmecophagidae), from Emas National Park, Brazil

Collevatti

Leite

Miranda³

et al. 2007

Genet. Mol. Biol.

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“…No artifacts or stutter peaks negatively affected the differentiation between homozygote and heterozygote, and the alleles exhibited well‐resolved peaks. The fragments were larger in size relative to the size of the original markers due to the addition of the use of the M13‐tailed primer, but the sizes corresponded to the expected sizes based on the information available on their development (Garcia et al., 2005).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Six pairs of microsatellite‐specific oligonucleotides were used in the molecular analyses, as detailed in Table 1 (Garcia et al., 2005). Genomic DNA was extracted using the QIAmp DNA kit (Qiagen) following the manufacturer's instructions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Priority Giant Anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) Populations for Conservation in São Paulo State, Brazil

Sartori

Lopes

Aires

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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Habitat loss is the main threat to biodiversity conservation worldwide. Some species may be particularly susceptible to the effects of fragmentation and the isolation of populations. The impacts of human activity on wild animal populations may be understood through relationships between individual genetic data and spatial landscape variables, particularly when considering local population dynamics influenced by fragmented habitats. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the population structure and genetic diversity of the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) using an individual sampling scheme (ISS) on a regional geographic scale. Data were collected from 41 specimens from twenty different locations in São Paulo State, Brazil, and six polymorphic microsatellite loci were genotyped. Our results indicate that barriers to gene flow exist and have segregated individuals of the farther away areas into two spatially structured clusters. The populations were also found to have high genetic diversity. The experimental sampling approach used herein enabled an analysis of the population dynamics of the giant anteater on a regional scale, as well as the identification of priority populations for genetic resource conservation for this species. The results reflect the need for adequate management plans. The efficacy of the sampling scheme may vary based on the study model used, but we argue that the use of an ISS combined with suitable molecular markers and statistical methods may serve as an important tool for initial analyses of threatened or vulnerable species, particularly in anthropized regions where populations are small or hard to characterize.

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“…(2007) performed a population genetic study with individuals from the National Park of Emas, one of the largest populations of the species in Brazil (Miranda et al , 2006), using five microsatellite loci previously described by Garcia et al (2005). The study revealed a marked inbreeding within the population, associated to low levels of polymorphism in all loci.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population structure and genetic diversity of the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla: Myrmecophagidae, Pilosa) in Brazil

et al. 2017

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The giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla, Pilosa, Linnaeus 1758) belongs to the mammalian order Pilosa and presents a large distribution along South America, occupying a great variety of habitats. It is listed in the IUCN Red List of threatened species as Vulnerable. Despite threatened, there is a lack of studies regarding its genetic variability. The aim of this study was to examine the genetic diversity and patterns of genetic structure within remaining populations. We analyzed 77 individuals from seven different populations distributed in four biomes across Brazil: Cerrado, Pantanal, Atlantic Forest and Amazon Forest. We sequenced two mitochondrial markers (control region and Cyt-b) and two nuclear markers (AMELY and RAG2). We found high genetic diversity within subpopulations from National Parks of Serra da Canastra and Emas, both within the Cerrado biome, with signs of population expansion. Besides, we found a notable population structure between populations from the Cerrado/Pantanal and Amazon Forest biomes. This data is a major contribution to the knowledge of the evolutionary history of the species and to future management actions concerning its conservation.

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Identification of Microsatellite DNA Markers for the Giant Anteater Myrmecophaga tridactyla

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Evidence of high inbreeding in a population of the endangered giant anteater, Myrmecophaga tridactyla (Myrmecophagidae), from Emas National Park, Brazil

Evidence of high inbreeding in a population of the endangered giant anteater, Myrmecophaga tridactyla (Myrmecophagidae), from Emas National Park, Brazil

Identifying Priority Giant Anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) Populations for Conservation in São Paulo State, Brazil

Population structure and genetic diversity of the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla: Myrmecophagidae, Pilosa) in Brazil

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