Identification of miRNA-mRNA Pairs in Relation to TNF-α/IL-1β Induced Inflammatory Response in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Abstract

Objective. The determination of miRNA-mRNA pairs for intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) regulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines were investigated. Methods. Two dataset (accession number GSE27494 and GSE41883 from platform GPL1352) of expression profiling was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The annulus cells were isolated from annulus fibrosus in patients with degenerative disc disease. The cells were then cultured in a three-dimensional (3D) collagen containing with/without proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) or interleukin beta (IL-1β)). After being cultured for 14 days, the isolated total RNA was analyzed via microarray, and the expression array data were obtained using BRB-Array Tools followed by analyzing the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and the prediction of potential miRNA targets of hub genes through online database. Results. Firstly, 52 and 296 DEGs were found in IL-1β- and TNF-α-induced annulus cells, respectively, of these there had 42 common DEGs (co-DEGs) with 34 increased transcripts and 8 reduced ones. Based on the GO and KEGG software, these co-DEGs were mainly enriched in the response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and molecule of bacterial origin, the regulation of receptor ligand activity and signaling receptor activator activity, as well as the following signaling pathways, including TNF signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, and NF-κB signaling pathway. Top hub genes (CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL8, IL1Β and PTGS2) regulated by several potential microRNAs were involved in TNF-α/IL-1β treated annulus cells. Conclusions. Several candidate genes regulated by miRNAs caused by TNF-α/IL-1β in the annulus cells were found, which will guide diagnosis and treatment for degenerative disc disease.

Research progress in decellularized extracellular matrix hydrogels for intervertebral disc degeneration

“…The treatments for DLBP include physiotherapy, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hormones and surgical interventions, all of which can only relieve LBP symptoms and cannot effectively delay the progression of IDD. [12][13][14][15] Although biological therapies, such as gene therapy, growth factor therapy, and cell therapy, have shown efficacy in the treatment of IDD, [16][17][18][19] the inflammatory and hypoxic environment within the disc results in low cell survival; 20 moreover, growth factors have a short half-life and require multiple injections, and the instability of growth factors makes injection into the disc difficult. 21 Most gene therapy requires viral vectors, which are expensive and may cause insertional mutations, produce replication-competent viruses, and induce cancer.…”

Retracted: Identification of miRNA‐mRNA Pairs in Relation to TNF‐α/IL‐1β Induced Inflammatory Response in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

“…This article has been retracted by Hindawi following an investigation undertaken by the publisher [ 1 ]. This investigation has uncovered evidence of one or more of the following indicators of systematic manipulation of the publication process: Discrepancies in scope Discrepancies in the description of the research reported Discrepancies between the availability of data and the research described Inappropriate citations Incoherent, meaningless and/or irrelevant content included in the article Peer-review manipulation …”

“…Tis article has been retracted by Hindawi following an investigation undertaken by the publisher [1]. Tis investigation has uncovered evidence of one or more of the following indicators of systematic manipulation of the publication process:…”