Identification of molecular markers for the Pc39 gene conferring resistance to crown rust in oat

Sowa, Sylwia; Paczos-Grzęda, Edyta

doi:10.1007/s00122-020-03533-z

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…These results are consistent with our data where Pc38 and Pc63 show a very similar resistance profile, as do Pc39 and Pc55 . However, some of these genes have been assigned to different locations in the hexaploid oat consensus linkage map with Pc38 mapped to the Mrg02 group [ 55 ], Pc71 mapped to Mrg05 [ 26 ] and Pc39 mapped to Mrg11 [ 56 ]. Thus, these distinct genes may show functional redundancy in recognizing effectors encoded at the same Avr locus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased virulence of Puccinia coronata f. sp.avenae populations through allele frequency changes at multiple putative Avr loci

et al. 2020

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Pathogen populations are expected to evolve virulence traits in response to resistance deployed in agricultural settings. However, few temporal datasets have been available to characterize this process at the population level. Here, we examined two temporally separated populations of Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae (Pca), which causes crown rust disease in oat (Avena sativa) sampled from 1990 to 2015. We show that a substantial increase in virulence occurred from 1990 to 2015 and this was associated with a genetic differentiation between populations detected by genome-wide sequencing. We found strong evidence for genetic recombination in these populations, showing the importance of the alternate host in generating genotypic variation through sexual reproduction. However, asexual expansion of some clonal lineages was also observed within years. Genome-wide association analysis identified seven Avr loci associated with virulence towards fifteen Pc resistance genes in oat and suggests that some groups of Pc genes recognize the same pathogen effectors. The temporal shift in virulence patterns in the Pca populations between 1990 and 2015 is associated with changes in allele frequency in these genomic regions. Nucleotide diversity patterns at a single Avr locus corresponding to Pc38, Pc39, Pc55, Pc63, Pc70, and Pc71 showed evidence of a selective sweep associated with the shift to virulence towards these resistance genes in all 2015 collected isolates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased virulence of Puccinia coronata f. sp.avenae populations through allele frequency changes at multiple putative Avr loci

et al. 2020

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“…The PCR-based assay is a very simple procedure; therefore, we have focused in this study on the development of specific PCR markers linked to Pc50-5 useful for marker-assisted selection (MAS). Successful conversion of DART seq to PCR markers in oat was carried out, e.g., in the case of the crown rust Pc39 gene [ 32 ]. In this study, three tightly linked SCAR markers were developed, two of which (5426978_SCAR and 24031809_SCAR) were dominant, co-segregating with the Pc50-5 resistance allele, and located on the partial linkage group at 0.6 and 4.0 cM, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The same two P. coronata races were used to target the segregation of the Pc50-5 gene. F 2 lines of Kasztan × Pc50-5 and 54 F 2 lines of Bingo × Pc50-5 (142 lines in total) were phenotyped using inoculation and assessment techniques consistent with the methods of Sowa et al [ 32 ]. Approximately 16 F 3 plants from each line were tested.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery and Chromosomal Location a Highly Effective Oat Crown Rust Resistance Gene Pc50-5

Toporowska

Sowa

Kilian

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Crown rust, caused by Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae, is one of the most destructive fungal diseases of oat worldwide. Growing disease-resistant oat cultivars is the preferred method of preventing the spread of rust and potential epidemics. The object of the study was Pc50-5, a race-specific seedling crown rust resistant gene, highly effective at all growth stages, selected from the differential line Pc50 (Avena sterilis L. CW 486-1 × Pendek). A comparison of crown rust reaction as well as an allelism test showed the distinctiveness of Pc50-5, whereas the proportions of phenotypes in segregating populations derived from a cross with two crown rust-susceptible Polish oat cultivars, Kasztan × Pc50-5 and Bingo × Pc50-5, confirmed monogenic inheritance of the gene, indicating its usefulness in oat breeding programs. Effective gene introgression depends on reliable gene identification in the early stages of plant development; thus, the aim of the study was to develop molecular markers that are tightly linked to Pc50-5. Segregating populations of Kasztan × Pc50-5 were genotyped using DArTseq technology based on next-generation Illumina short-read sequencing. Markers associated with Pc50-5 were located on chromosome 6A of the current version of the oat reference genome (Avena sativa OT3098 v2, PepsiCo) in the region between 434,234,214 and 440,149,046 bp and subsequently converted to PCR-based SCAR (sequence-characterized amplified region) markers. Furthermore, 5426978_SCAR and 24031809_SCAR co-segregated with the Pc50-5 resistance allele and were mapped to the partial linkage group at 0.6 and 4.0 cM, respectively. The co-dominant 58163643_SCAR marker was the best diagnostic and it was located closest to Pc50-5 at 0.1 cM. The newly discovered, very strong monogenic crown rust resistance may be useful for oat improvement. DArTseq sequences converted into specific PCR markers will be a valuable tool for marker-assisted selection in breeding programs.

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“…4C] . Sowa and Paczos-Grzeda ( 2020 ) mapped Pc39 to Mrg11. Six tightly linked PCR-based SCAR markers were validated on a set of 22 oat cultivars, confirming the presence of Pc39 in 16 of these (e.g.…”

Section: Advances In Oat Genomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bush and Wise ( 1998 ) used a high density RFLP map to localise Pc71 to a group of 12 linked RFLP markers within 6 cM either proximal or distal to the gene. All markers were positioned in the centre of linkage group 11 of the Kanota/Ogle map, which Sowa and Paczos-Grzeda ( 2020 ) attributed to Mrg21 [chr. 4D] .…”

Section: Advances In Oat Genomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding oat for resistance to the crown rust pathogen Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae: achievements and prospects

et al. 2022

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Crown rust, caused by Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae (Pca), is a significant impediment to global oat production. Some 98 alleles at 92 loci conferring resistance to Pca in Avena have been designated; however, allelic relationships and chromosomal locations of many of these are unknown. Long-term monitoring of Pca in Australia, North America and elsewhere has shown that it is highly variable even in the absence of sexual recombination, likely due to large pathogen populations that cycle between wild oat communities and oat crops. Efforts to develop cultivars with genetic resistance to Pca began in the 1950s. Based almost solely on all all-stage resistance, this has had temporary benefits but very limited success. The inability to eradicate wild oats, and their common occurrence in many oat growing regions, means that future strategies to control Pca must be based on the assumption of a large and variable prevailing pathogen population with high evolutionary potential, even if cultivars with durable resistance are deployed and grown widely. The presence of minor gene, additive APR to Pca in hexaploid oat germplasm opens the possibility of pyramiding several such genes to give high levels of resistance. The recent availability of reference genomes for diploid and hexaploid oat will undoubtedly accelerate efforts to discover, characterise and develop high throughput diagnostic markers to introgress and pyramid resistance to Pca in high yielding adapted oat germplasm.

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Identification of molecular markers for the Pc39 gene conferring resistance to crown rust in oat

Abstract: Key message Six new PCR-based markers for the Pc39 crown rust resistance gene in Avena sativa L. were developed. Pc39 was mapped to Mrg11 of the oat consensus map using BLASTn analysis.

Cited by 20 publications

References 70 publications

Increased virulence of Puccinia coronata f. sp.avenae populations through allele frequency changes at multiple putative Avr loci

Increased virulence of Puccinia coronata f. sp.avenae populations through allele frequency changes at multiple putative Avr loci

Discovery and Chromosomal Location a Highly Effective Oat Crown Rust Resistance Gene Pc50-5

Breeding oat for resistance to the crown rust pathogen Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae: achievements and prospects

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