Identification of multiple potential viral diseases in a large urban center using wastewater surveillance

McCall, Camille; Wu, Huiyun; Miyani, Brijen; Xagoraraki, Irene

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2020.116160

Cited by 119 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Municipal wastewater is a composite biological sample of an entire community with each member of the community inputting biological specimens every day. It is therefore no surprise that wastewater has been tapped as an epidemiological tool to gauge aspects of public health, such as narcotic usage, 1 , 2 the reemergence of poliovirus, 3 , 4 and infection rates of viral 5 , 6 and bacterial 7 , 8 diseases. COVID-19 has accelerated the interest in wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) due to the fact that SARS-CoV-2 genes are detected in the feces of many infected individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Wastewater Settled Solids Is Associated with COVID-19 Cases in a Large Urban Sewershed

Graham

Loeb

Wolfe

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

340

420

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Wastewater-based epidemiology may be useful for informing public health response to viral diseases like COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2. We quantified SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater influent and primary settled solids in two wastewater treatment plants to inform the preanalytical and analytical approaches and to assess whether influent or solids harbored more viral targets. The primary settled solids samples resulted in higher SARS-CoV-2 detection frequencies than the corresponding influent samples. Likewise, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was more readily detected in solids using one-step digital droplet (dd)RT-PCR than with two-step RT-QPCR and two-step ddRT-PCR, likely owing to reduced inhibition with the one-step ddRT-PCR assay. We subsequently analyzed a longitudinal time series of 89 settled solids samples from a single plant for SARS-CoV-2 RNA as well as coronavirus recovery (bovine coronavirus) and fecal strength (pepper mild mottle virus) controls. SARS-CoV-2 RNA targets N1 and N2 concentrations correlated positively and significantly with COVID-19 clinically confirmed case counts in the sewershed. Together, the results demonstrate that measuring SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in settled solids may be a more sensitive approach than measuring SARS-CoV-2 in influent.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Wastewater Settled Solids Is Associated with COVID-19 Cases in a Large Urban Sewershed

Graham

Loeb

Wolfe

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

340

420

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Municipal wastewater is a composite biological sample of an entire community with each member of the community inputting biological specimens to the wastewater every day. It is therefore no surprise that wastewater has been tapped as an epidemiological tool to gauge aspects of public health, such as narcotics usage 1,2 , the reemergence of poliovirus 3,4 , and infection rates of viral 5,6 and bacterial 7,8 diseases. COVID-19 has accelerated the interest in wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) due to the fact that SARS-CoV-2 genes are detected in the feces of many infected individuals [9][10][11] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater settled solids is associated with COVID-19 cases in a large urban sewershed

Loeb

Wolfe

Catoe

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) may be useful for informing public health response to viral diseases like COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2. We quantified SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater influent and primary settled solids in two wastewater treatment plants to inform the pre-analytical and analytical approaches, and to assess whether influent or solids harbored more viral targets. The primary settled solids samples resulted in higher SARS-CoV-2 detection frequencies than the corresponding influent samples. Likewise, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was more readily detected in solids using one-step digital droplet (dd)RT-PCR than with two-step RT-QPCR and two-step ddRT-PCR, likely owing to reduced inhibition with the one-step ddRT-PCR assay. We subsequently analyzed a longitudinal time series of 89 settled solids samples from a single plant for SARS-CoV-2 RNA as well as coronavirus recovery (bovine coronavirus) and fecal strength (pepper mild mottle virus, PMMoV) controls. SARS-CoV-2 RNA targets N1 and N2 concentrations correlate positively and significantly with COVID-19 clinical confirmed case counts in the sewershed. Together, the results demonstrate that measuring SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in settled solids may be a more sensitive approach than measuring SARs-CoV-2 in influent.

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“…Currently, wastewater-based epidemiology is considered a powerful tool to understand the actual incidence of human viruses in a community, such as enteric viruses and Aichi virus ( Cuevas-Ferrando et al, 2019 ; Lodder et al, 2013 ; McCall et al, 2020 ; Rimoldi et al, 2020 ). However, due to its poor biosafety and inconvenient collection of sewage samples that entered WWTP through the fully closed pipeline, it was not a wise approach to monitor the virus occurrence in the raw sewage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, there is increasing evidence that human enteric viruses can be independently detected in almost all types of water, such as wastewater ( Bisseux et al, 2018 ; Farkas et al, 2018 ; Jahne et al, 2019 ; Simhon et al, 2019 ) and city surface water ( Goh et al, 2019 ; Keller et al, 2019 ; Masachessi et al, 2018 ; Pang et al, 2019 ; Sassi et al, 2018 ; Sedji et al, 2018 ; Tandukar et al, 2018 ). Wastewater-based epidemiology can be used to capture a near real-time picture of the viral disease burden within a community ( Bisseux et al, 2018 ; McCall et al, 2020 ). However, few studies ( Prevost et al, 2015 ) have linked the dynamics of enteric virus in other water matrices to the epidemiology of viral infections over the same period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels of human Rotaviruses and Noroviruses GII in urban rivers running through the city mirror their infection prevalence in populations

Shi¹,

Miao

et al. 2021

Science of The Total Environment

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Enteric viruses exposed to water pose a huge threat to global public health and can lead to waterborne disease outbreaks. A sudden increase in enteric viruses in some water matrices also underpins the prevalence of corresponding waterborne diseases in communities over the same time period. However, few efforts have been focused on water matrices whose viral pollution may best reflect the clinical prevalence in communities. Here, a one-year surveillance of human enteric viruses including Enteroviruses (EnVs), Rotaviruses (HRVs), Astroviruses (AstVs), Noroviruses GII (HuNoVsGII) and Mastadenoviruses (HAdVs) in four representative water matrices: an urban river (UR) running through city, effluent from Wastewater Treatment Plant (EW), raw water for Urban Water Treatment Plant (RW), and tap water (TW) were performed by qPCR. The relationship between the virus detection frequency at each site and their prevalence in clinical PCR assay was further analyzed. We found that the detection frequencies of HRVs, HuNoVsGII, and AstVs in stools peaked in winter, while EnVs peaked in autumn. No EnVs occurred in EW, RW, or TW, but HuNoVsGII and AstVs occurred intensively in winter. For UR, all types of enteric viruses could be detected and the levels of acute gastroenteritis viruses (HRVs, HuNoVsGII, AstVs, and HAdVs) were highest in autumn or winter, whereas EnVs peaked in summer. In terms of correlation analyses, only HRVs and HuNoVsGII levels in UR showed a strong positive correlation with their prevalence in clinical stool samples. This study indicated that HRVs and HuNoVsGII levels in URs may mirror the local virus prevalence, thereby implying the possibility of revealing their local epidemiology by monitoring them in the URs.

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Identification of multiple potential viral diseases in a large urban center using wastewater surveillance

Cited by 119 publications

References 77 publications

SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Wastewater Settled Solids Is Associated with COVID-19 Cases in a Large Urban Sewershed

SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Wastewater Settled Solids Is Associated with COVID-19 Cases in a Large Urban Sewershed

SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater settled solids is associated with COVID-19 cases in a large urban sewershed

Levels of human Rotaviruses and Noroviruses GII in urban rivers running through the city mirror their infection prevalence in populations

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