We describe the characterization of a novel CTX-M -lactamase from Salmonella enterica. Four S. enterica isolates (three of serotype Westhampton and one of serotype Senftenberg) resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (cefotaxime and ceftazidime) were recovered in 2004 from living cockles in three supermarkets located in distant geographic areas in France, which got their supplies from the same fishery. The isolates were found to produce a novel extended-spectrum -lactamase (ESBL) belonging to the CTX-M-1 phylogenetic group and named CTX-M-53. The CTX-M-53 -lactamase harbored the substitution Asp240Gly, like the CTX-M-15 enzyme, which is specifically implicated in a higher catalytic efficiency against ceftazidime. The bla CTX-M-53 gene was located on a mobilizable 11-kb plasmid, pWES-1. The complete sequence of pWES-1 revealed the presence of a novel insertion sequence, ISSen2, and an IS26 element upstream and downstream of the bla CTX-M-53 gene, respectively; however, transposition assays of the bla CTX-M-53 gene were unsuccessful. IS26 elements may have contributed to the acquisition of the bla CTX-M-53 gene. Interestingly, the mobilization module of the pWES-1 plasmid was similar to that of quinolone resistance plasmids (carrying the qnrS2 gene) from aquatic sources. Although belonging to two serotypes differentiated on the basis of the O-antigen structure (E1 or E4 groups), the isolates were found to be genetically indistinguishable by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Multilocus sequence typing showed that the isolates of serotype Westhampton had a sequence type, ST14, common among isolates of serotype Senftenberg. This is the first characterization of the CTX-M-53 ESBL, which represents an additional ceftazidime-hydrolyzing CTX-M enzyme.Salmonella enterica is a frequent pathogen of animals and humans. Food-borne diseases caused by this species represent an important public health problem worldwide. Extendedspectrum cephalosporins (ESC) and fluoroquinolones are often used in the treatment of invasive cases of salmonellosis. However, the emergence of extended-spectrum -lactamases (ESBLs) in Enterobacteriaceae is an increasing problem worldwide, compromising the utilization of these drugs in the treatment of complicated Salmonella infections. Moreover, there is an increasing number of reports of ESBL-producing S. enterica strains throughout the world (3, 36). These strains, isolated mostly in hospitalized patients, produced plasmid-mediated class A ESBLs belonging to the TEM, SHV, cefotaximase (CTX-M), or PER families (3).CTX-M ESBLs are class A ESBLs that in general possess a higher level of hydrolytic activity against cefotaxime (and ceftriaxone) than against ceftazidime but that are inhibited by clavulanic acid, sulbactam, and tazobactam (5, 9, 26). On the basis of their amino acid sequences, the CTX-M enzymes have been classified into five major phylogenetic branches, namely the CTX-M-1, -2, -8, -9, and -25 groups (5, 9, 26; http://www.lahey.org /Studies/other.asp). CTX-M ESBLs are a rapidly grow...