Identification of P2RY13 as an immune-related prognostic biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma: A public database-based retrospective study

Abstract

Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the leading histological subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods In the present study, the gene matrixes of LUAD were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas to infer immune and stromal scores with the ‘Estimation of Stromal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumor tissues using Expression data’ (ESTIMATE) algorithm and identified immune-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the high- and low-stromal/immune score groups. Next, all DEGs were subjected to univariate Cox regression and survival analyses to screen out prognostic biomarkers in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and were validated in the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was performed to assess the level of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) and immune functions, and GSEA was used to identified pathways altered by prognostic biomarkers. Results Survival analysis showed that LUAD in the high-immune and stromal score group had a better clinical prognosis. A total of 303 immune-related DEGs were detected. Univariate Cox regression and survival analyses revealed that P2Y purinoceptor 13 (P2RY13) was a favorable factor for the prognosis of LUAD. ssGSEA and Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated that P2RY13 was highly correlated with various TIICs and immune functions. Several immune-associated pathways were enriched between the high- and low-expression P2RY13 groups. Conclusion P2RY13 may be a potential prognostic indicator and is highly associated with the TME in LUAD. However, further experimental studies are required to validate the present findings.

Identification of A Novel Gene Signature Combining Ferroptosis- and Immunity-Related Genes for Prognostic Prediction, Immunotherapy and Potential Therapeutic Targets in Gastric Cancer

“…Indeed, ferroptosis plays a pivotal role in tumor suppression via the inhibition of cell proliferation and migration in STAD cells [37,39]. The immune microenvironment is closely related to the development and progression of STAD [40]. Immunotherapy is a novel treatment for STAD that can re-activate the human cellular immune response against tumors and has achieved multiple satisfactory results [41,42].…”

A Prognostic Risk Score Based on Hypoxia-, Immunity-, and Epithelialto-Mesenchymal Transition-Related Genes for the Prognosis and Immunotherapy Response of Lung Adenocarcinoma

“…Hypoxia can also contribute to EMT in patients with LUAD ( Ando et al, 2019 ). Moreover, the immune system plays a vital role in the development and progression of malignant tumors ( Lin et al, 2021 ). Immunotherapy is a novel treatment for LUAD that has achieved multiple satisfactory results ( Li et al, 2020 ).…”