Identification of Panax Species in the Herbal Medicine Preparations Using Gradient PCR Method

Shim, Young Hun; Park, Chan Dong; Kim, Do Hoon; Cho, Jung Hee; Cho, Myung Hwan; Kim, Hee Jin

doi:10.1248/bpb.28.671

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Since then, other molecular biological methods have been employed in the identification of notoginseng as well. These diverse methods enable more selective identification, and their improvements over older methods contribute to more accurate and efficient authentication [16,24,84,133].…”

Section: Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical and analytical studies of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen

et al. 2006

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Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen is distributed throughout the southwest of China, Burma and Nepal. The root of this plant, called notoginseng or sanchi, has a long history of use as a remedy in Oriental traditional medicine. Modern studies have found that extracts and compounds from notoginseng exert various physiological effects. The active constituents are mainly recognized as saponins. In this review, we summarized the discovery and analysis of chemical constituents in notoginseng. Fifty-six saponins from notoginseng were isolated and elucidated. All of them are dammarane saponins, 35 of which can be classified as belonging to the protopanaxadiols group, and 21 as belonging to the protopanaxatriols group. Evidence from phytochemical studies on notoginseng demonstrated that no oleananetype saponin, which exists in Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng) and American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius), was found. Other types of compounds such as nonprotein amino acids, polyacetylenes, phytosterols, flavonoids, and polysaccharides, many of which have pharmacological activities, were also isolated from notoginseng. Analytical studies on notoginseng were carried out based on botanical and phytochemical advances. In the qualitative studies, identification of the herbal materials and extracts was the main objective. The utilization of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint and molecular biological methods made the identification accurate and efficient. Spectral, chromatographic and immunoassay methods were used for the quantitative analysis. HPLC methods are the main authority regarding the determination of saponins and other types of constituents. The chromatographic conditions and detectors employed in the HPLC are discussed.

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Section: Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical and analytical studies of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen

et al. 2006

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“…Yang and Kim [16] cleaved ginseng chlorophyll psbA and rbcL genes by restriction enzymes for differentiation and analyzed interspecies and intraspecies mutational variation. Furthermore, distinguishing Korean ginseng from various mixtures of medicinal plants could be possible by gradient PCR and RFLP applications [17] .…”

Section: Molecular Markers For Discrimination In Panax mentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of molecular markers in the discrimination of Panax species and Korean ginseng cultivars ( Panax ginseng )

Kim

et al. 2017

Journal of Ginseng Research

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The development of molecular markers is one of the most useful methods for molecular breeding and marker-based molecular associated selections. Even though there is less information on the reference genome, molecular markers are indispensable tools for determination of genetic variation and identification of species with high levels of accuracy and reproducibility. The demand for molecular approaches for marker-based breeding and genetic discriminations in Panax species has greatly increased in recent times and has been successfully applied for various purposes. However, owing to the existence of diverse molecular techniques and differences in their principles and applications, there should be careful consideration while selecting appropriate marker types. In this review, we outline the recent status of different molecular marker applications in ginseng research and industrial fields. In addition, we discuss the basic principles, requirements, and advantages and disadvantages of the most widely used molecular markers, including restriction fragment length polymorphism, random amplified polymorphic DNA, sequence tag sites, simple sequence repeats, and single nucleotide polymorphisms.

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“…Such evaluation is based on comparing visual parameters and microscopic properties with standard reference material (Shim et al, 2005). However, these criteria are subjective, and substitutes or adulterants may closely imitate the genuine material (Shim et al, 2005).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of real-time PCR to detect Rangifer Cornu contamination in Cervi Parvum Cornu

et al. 2011

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Cervi parvum cornu (CPC) is a well-known ethnopharmacological source, whereas Rangifer cornu (RC) is not considered to be a major source. CPC is distributed in sliced form. Addition of RC to CPC has become an issue in CPC distribution because the appearance of sliced RC is not different from sliced CPC. Therefore, a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was developed in this study to detect contaminating RC in CPC. The C-VIC and R-FAM primer/probe sets were designed to specifically amplify CPC and RC DNA, respectively. The specificities and sensitivities of real-time PCR using two primer/probe sets and the applicability of the real-time PCR to powder mixtures, which involved mixtures of powdered CPC and powdered RC in diverse ratios, were evaluated. Real-time PCR using C-VIC and R-FAM primer/probe sets specifically and sensitively amplified both CPC and RC DNA. Furthermore, real-time RCR sensitively detected RC DNA in the powder mixtures of CPC and RC. These results indicate that this real-time PCR method using two primer/probe sets is sufficiently applicable for the detection of contaminant RC in CPC.

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Identification of Panax Species in the Herbal Medicine Preparations Using Gradient PCR Method

Cited by 24 publications

References 15 publications

Phytochemical and analytical studies of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen

Phytochemical and analytical studies of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen

Applications of molecular markers in the discrimination of Panax species and Korean ginseng cultivars ( Panax ginseng )

Utilization of real-time PCR to detect Rangifer Cornu contamination in Cervi Parvum Cornu

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